福建沿海地区超重及肥胖人群血压、血脂现状分析

摘要

Objective:To investigate current situation of overweight and obesity among population from coastal areas of Fujian province ,and study their correlation with blood pressure (BP) and blood lipids . Methods :A total of 3343≥30 years people from coastal areas of Fujian province were enrolled using cross -sectional survey .Body height and mass ,BP ,waist circumference (WC) ,blood glucose and blood lipids etc .were measured .The correlation among BP ,blood lipids and BMI were statistically analyzed . Results:Detection rates of overweight and obesity were 34.6% and 10.0% respectively .Overweight rate of men was significantly higher than that of women (40.4% vs . 30.7% , P<0.05);percentages of overweight and obese population gradually rose along with age increased before 70 years ,and it showed declining trend after 70 years .Compared with normal weight people of corresponding age , BP and WC significantly rose in overweight and obese young people (<40 years) , P<0.01 all;there were signifi‐cant rise in BP ,WC ,TC and LDL‐C levels ,and significant reduction in HDL‐C level in overweight and obese mid‐dle-aged and aged people (>40 years) , P<0.05 or <0.01. Partial correlation analysis indicated that BMI was positively correlated with WC ,SBP ,DBP ,TC ,LDL‐C and HbA1c levels ( r=0.701 ,0.218 ,0.238 ,0.068 ,0.120 , 0.135 ,P<0.01 all) ,and inversely correlated with TG and HDL‐C levels (r= -0.069 both ,P<0.01 both) .Mul‐tifactor linear regression analysis indicated that BMI was significantly correlated with WC ,sex ,age ,DBP ,HDL‐C and FBG levels .After controlling age ,sex and blood glucose etc .,binary Logistic regression analysis indicated that overweight (OR=2.283 ,95% CI 1.915~2.721) and obesity (OR=4.419 ,95% CI 3.329~5.865) were risk fac‐tors for hypertension and dyslipidemia [overweight (OR= 1.356 ,95% CI 1.160~ 1.584) ,obesity (OR= 1.691 , 95% CI 1.319~2.167 )] , P<0.01 all .Conclusion:Prevalence rates of overweight and obesity are high in coastal population in Fujian province .Percentages of hypertension ,dyslipidemia ,DM and cardiovascular risk factor aggre‐gation significantly rise among overweight and obese people ,so controlling body mass is of important significance for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases ,including hypertension ,DM and dyslipidemia etc .%目的：调查福建沿海地区人群超重和肥胖的现状及其与血压、血脂的相关性。方法：通过横断面调查方法，纳入福建省沿海地区30岁以上人群3343例，进行身高、体质量、血压、腰围、血糖、血脂等指标检测，采用统计学方法分析BMI与血压、血脂的相关性。结果：调查地区超重及肥胖检出率为34.6％和10.0％，男性超重率显著高于女性（40.4％比30.7％， P＜0.05）；超重和肥胖人群比例在70岁以前均随年龄增加而逐渐显著增高，70岁以后有下降趋势。与年龄匹配的正常体重人群比较，青年（＜40岁）超重和肥胖人群血压、腰围显著升高（ P均＜0.01）；中老年（＞40岁）超重和肥胖人群血压、腰围、TC、LDL‐C水平显著升高，而 HDL‐C水平显著降低（ P＜0.05或＜0.01）。偏相关分析显示 BMI与腰围、收缩压、舒张压、TC、LDL‐C和 HbA1c水平呈显著正相关（ r＝0.701，0.218，0.238，0.068，0.120，0.135， P均＜0.01），与 TG和 HDL‐C水平呈显著负相关（ r均＝－0.069， P均＜0.01）。多元线性回归分析显示BMI与腰围、性别、年龄、DBP、HDL‐C、FBG显著相关。控制年龄、性别、血糖等混杂因素后，二元Logistic回归分析显示：超重（OR＝2.283，95％ CI 1.915～2.721）和肥胖（OR＝4.419，95％ CI 3.329～5.865）是高血压、血脂异常的危险因素[超重（OR＝1.356，95％ CI 1.160～1.584），肥胖（OR＝1.691，95％ CI 1.319～2.167）]，P均＜0.01。结论：福建沿海地区人群超重／肥胖率较高，超重、肥胖人群中高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病、心血管危险因素聚集比例显著增高，控制体重对高血压、血脂异常及糖尿病等慢性病的防治具有重要意义。