微藻固定燃烧烟气中CO2的研究进展

摘要

空气中CO2浓度升高导致的气候变暖问题已经成为全球性的环境、科学、政治、经济问题.近年来,对可用于直接固定工业废气尤其是燃烧烟气中CO2的捕捉和封存(CCS)技术进行了广泛的研究.在这些技术中,微藻生物固定CO2是一种具有大规模应用前景和经济上可行的CCS技术.以下从藻种的筛选、烟气条件对微藻固定CO2的影响、高效光生物反应器的开发和微藻产物的利用等方面对微藻生物固定烟气中CO2的现状和发展以及作者所在实验室在这一领域的研究情况进行了分析和总结,最后对其技术前景进行了展望,以期对微藻固定燃烧烟气中CO2的基础研究和关键技术起到一定的指导和促进作用.%Global warming caused by the increasing CO2 concentration in atmosphere is a serious problem in the international political, economic, scientific and environmental fields in recent years.Intensive carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies have been developed for a feasible system to remove CO2 from industrial exhaust gases especially for combustion flue gas.In these technologies, the biofixation of CO2 by microalgae has the potential to diminish CO2 and produce the biomass.In this review, the current status focusing on biofixation of CO2 from combustion flue gases by microaigae including the selection of microalgal species and effect of flue gas conditions, the development of high efficient photobioreactor and the application of microalgae and its biomass product were reviewed and summarized.Finally, the perspectives of the technology were also discussed.