With the emergence and globally spread of drug-resistant bacteria, the discovery and development of new antibacterial drugs is imminent. The symbiotic bacteria distributed in different parts of the body can produce a variety of antibacterial molecules to inhibit the colonization and infection of pathogenic bacteria. Human symbiotic bacteria provide a potential treasure house of resource for the research and development of new drugs with broad new molecular structures and action mechanism. With the further development of bioinformatics tools, synthetic biology and omics technology such as genomics, the mining of human symbiotic bacteria antibacterial molecules will be more in-depth and provide an effective way to solve the problem of drug resistance. Here, we review the antimicrobial molecules produced by human symbiotic bacteria and introduce several methods to explore the resources of natural antibacterial drugs. With the development of modern biotechnology, the antimicrobial molecules of human symbiotic bacteria will be more comprehensively and systematically explored and applied.%随着耐药细菌的出现和广泛传播,开发新型抗菌药迫在眉睫.分布在人体不同部位的共生菌能够产生多种抗菌分子以抑制病原菌的定植和感染.人体共生菌的抗菌分子为研发全新结构和作用机制的药物提供了潜在的资源宝库,随着生物信息学、合成生物学、基因组学等组学技术的进一步发展,对人体共生菌抗菌分子的挖掘也会更加深入,为解决耐药问题提供了有效的途径.文中回顾了目前所发现的人体共生菌产生的抗菌分子,并介绍了几种用于挖掘人体共生菌这一天然抗菌药物的资源宝库的方法.随着现代生物工程技术的发展,人体共生菌的抗菌分子将会得到更加全面、系统的探索和应用.
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