儿童支气管哮喘控制不良因素中鼻窦炎患病率观察

摘要

目的 探讨鼻窦炎患病率在儿童支气管哮喘(哮喘)控制不良因素中的意义.方法 收集湖南省人民医院儿童哮喘专科门诊就诊的支气管哮喘患儿临床资料,选择107例儿童哮喘治疗后仍咳嗽超过4周的患儿作为研究对象,选择同期儿科哮喘专科门诊就诊的105例哮喘初诊患儿作为对照组.结果 1.观察组鼻窦炎发病率为81.3％(87/107例),对照组鼻窦炎发病率为51.4％(54/105例),2组比较差异有统计学意义(x2=21.242,P＜0.05);2.鼻窦炎组患有鼻塞症状的患儿占80.5％(70/87例),非鼻窦炎组为50.0％(10/20例),2组间比较差异有统计学意义(x2=7.997,P＜0.05);3.鼻窦炎组中上颌窦炎发病率最高,为69.2％(74/107例),额窦与蝶窦发生率较低,4组鼻窦均发生炎症的发生率为10.3％(11/107例).4组鼻窦中变应性鼻炎症状出现频率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 儿童哮喘规范化治疗后的慢性咳嗽与鼻窦炎及上呼吸道咳嗽综合征有关.%Objective To investigate the prevalence of sinusitis in poorly controlled asthma children.Methods Asthmatic children from the Asthma Specialist Department of Hunan Provincial People's Hospital were selected as the study cases,of which 107 children coughing for more than 4 weeks after treatment were allocated to the research group and 105 newly diagnosed asthmatic children were selected as the control group.Results 1.The CT confirmed sinusitis prevalence was 81.3％ (87/107 cases) in research group and 51.4％ (54/105 cases) in the control group,respectively.The 2 groups were significantly different (x2 ＝ 21.242,P ＜ 0.05).2.The patient complained nasal obstruction in sinusitis group was 80.5％ (70/87 cases) compared to 50.0％ (10/20 cases) in non sinusitis group,and the difference between 2 groups was statistically significant (x2 =7.997,P ＜ 0.05).3.In the research group,69.2％ (74/107 cases) suffered from maxillary sinusitis,61.7％ (66/107 cases) ethmoid sinusitis,14.0％ (15/107 cases) frontal sinusitis,and 30.8％ (33/107 cases) sphenoid sinusitis.All the 4 nasosinus involved was 10.3％ (11/107 cases).The frequency of allergic rhinitis symptoms in 4 groups of sinuses had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Chronic cough in poorly controlled asthma children is related to sinusitis and upper airway cough syndrome.