三黄种鸡场孵化死胚中沙门菌的分离鉴定与耐药性分析

摘要

To investigate current infection statuses of Salmonella in dead chicken embryos,Salmonella strains was isolated and identified from dead embryo samples collected from 4 hatcheries attached to their parental flocks of Sanhuang Chickens,and the drug resistance and resistance genes were detected by Kirby-Bauer Test and PCR method,respectively.A total of 173 Salmonella isolates were obtained from 356 dead embryos,including 5 serotypes:S.pullorum(162),S.blegdam (5),S.Cerro (4),S.enteritidis(1),S.Fillmore(1).Results showed that the isolation rate and drug resistance of Salmonella in dead embryos from different sources were significantly different.Of total 173 Salmonella isolates,the drug resistance rate to Sulfisoxazole (SF),Ampicillin (AMP),Tetracycline (TE) and Oxytetracycline (OT) were 82.1％,74.0％,49.1％ and 48.6％.And 43.4％ (75/173) isolates showed multiple drug resistance.The resistance to other drugs was mild,and the resistance rate was below 11％.The isolates were sensitive to Ceftazidime (CAZ),Meropenem (MEM),Imipenem (IPM),Polymyxin E (CT),Chloramphenicol (C),Enrofloxacin (ENR) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP).In addition,13 drug-resistant genes were detected by PCR,and the coincidence rate between drug-resistant phenotype and drug-resistant genes was more than 72％,especially the rate were 100％ to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs),aminoglycosides,cephalosporins.The results indicate that serotypes of Salmonella infected in Sanhuang chicken embryos are complex,the multi-drug resistance is serious and the resistance genes are widely existed in these resistant strains.%为了解死亡鸡胚中沙门菌的感染状况,从河南省4家三黄种鸡场自带孵化场采集死胚样品,进行沙门菌分离、血清型鉴定,并用纸片法和PCR方法对菌株耐药表型及相关耐药基因进行检测.结果:从356份死胚样品共分离到173株沙门菌,包括5种血清型:鸡白痢沙门菌(162株)、布利丹沙门菌(5株)、塞罗沙门菌(4株)、肠炎沙门菌(1株)、菲尔摩雷沙门菌(1株).不同来源死胚中沙门菌的分离率和耐药情况差异显著;173株沙门菌对磺胺异噁唑(82.1％)、氨苄西林(74.0％)、四环素(49.1％)、土霉素(48.6％)耐药情况较严重,且43.4％(75/173)的菌株表现为多重耐药;对其他抗生素耐药情况较轻,耐药率在11％以下;对头孢他啶、美罗培南、亚胺培南、多黏菌素E、氯霉素、恩诺沙星、环丙沙星敏感.PCR共扩增到13种耐药基因,且耐药基因的检出情况与耐药表型的符合率在72％以上,其中ESBLs类、氨基糖苷类、头孢菌素类的符合率为100％.结论:三黄鸡鸡胚感染的沙门菌血清型复杂、多重耐药严重,且耐药基因普遍存在于耐药菌株中.