我国奶牛养殖逐渐进入规模化时代,但规模化养殖带来的环境污染和社会问题备受关注,因此确定奶牛适宜养殖规模成为迫切问题.河北省是我国奶牛养殖大省,奶牛规模化养殖具有代表性,本研究通过对河北省奶牛养殖场的调研,统计不同规模奶牛养殖场的单产、每头牛的年利润,运用C-D函数分析不同规模奶牛养殖场的技术进步和资本利用程度的规模效应,针对不同规模的奶牛养殖提出相应对策.对于存栏600头以下的小牧场,提高养殖技术是关键;1 000头左右的牧场应该加强精细化管理,提高管理水平;3 000头以上较大规模的牧场注重保障粪污处理能力,万头牧场应有选择地建设.%Dairy farming in China has gradually entered the era of large-scale breeding,the environmental pollution caused by large-scale dairy farming and social issues have attracted much attention,so it is an urgent problem to determine the appropriate scale of dairy farming.Through the investigation of Hebei Province dairy farms,statistical analysis and C-D function analysis of different scale dairy farms of technological progress and capital scale dairy cattle breeding development,countermeasures were put forward according to the degree of the scale.The key measure of the small pasture the amount less than 600 is to improving farming techniques;the amount of around 1000 pastures should strengthen the fine management,improve the management level;the larger scale the amount more than 3000 pays attention to waste treatment capacity,the construction of ten thousand ranch should be constructed selectively.
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