基于土地承载潜力的养殖总量控制研究:以江苏省东海县为例

摘要

为确定江苏省连云港市东海县畜禽适宜养殖量,本研究基于氮平衡分析畜禽土地承载力.结果表明:2015年,东海县全年农作物氮养分需求量、猪粪氮当量、化肥施用量(以氮计)分别为4.39万、2.52万、4.44万t,可见东海县具有足够的畜禽粪污消纳能力和较大的降低化肥施用潜力.以氮养分计,东海县畜禽养殖承载潜力为199万头猪当量,还有77万头猪当量的盈余.不同乡镇存在较大差异,山左口、双店、石梁河等3个乡镇稍有超载,应适当调减养殖量;牛山街道和石榴街道2个乡镇靠近城区,禁养区、限养区面积较大,应逐步减少养殖量;黄川、桃林、安峰、白塔埠等4个乡镇尚有一定的发展空间,可维持现有养殖量或适当扩大养殖量;其余乡镇发展潜力较大,东海县畜禽养殖应逐步由养殖密集区域向这些乡镇转移.%In order to identify the areas suitable for livestock production growth in Donghai County,Jiangsu province,the cropland carrying capacity for livestock manure was analyzed in the paper.The result showed that the nitrogen nutrient outputs from crop,inputs from manure and chemical fertilizers were 43.9,2.52 and 44.4 thousand ton,respectivey.It was suggested that cropland carrying capacity for livestock manure and substitute for fertilizer by livestock manure was big in Donghai county.The livestock carrying capacity of land was 1.99 million pig equivalent based on nitrogen with the growth potential of 0.77 million pig equivalent.Livestock production in the town of Shanzuokou,Shilianghe,Shuangdian should be cut down.Livestock production in the town ofNiushan Subdistrict and Shiliu Subdistrict should be reduced year by year where livestock were not allowed or restricted to farm in most of the areas.Livestock production in the town of Huangchuan Taolin,Anfeng,Baitahu can maintain or increase at an appropriate rate.Part of livestock production in the above towns should be transfered to the remaining towns where there was sufficient cropland for manure application.