胎儿及新生仔猪的生长和健康直接受到母猪营养生理状况的影响.妊娠期的限饲和哺乳期采食量的降低均可导致母体处于分解代谢状态,从而引起胎儿生长及乳腺发育中饲粮蛋白质供应不足.由于功能性氨基酸(精氨酸、支链氨基酸、谷氨酸、色氨酸和脯氨酸)能提高受孕率,促进胚胎形成,加速血液流动,增强抗氧化活性,促进食欲,加快蛋白质翻译启动,促进免疫细胞的增殖并有利于小肠发育.因此,饲粮中添加功能性氨基酸对优化母猪及仔猪营养,维持健康和提高生产性能具有重要的意义.本文综述了功能性氨基酸通过对关键代谢途径的调控改善妊娠和哺乳期母猪及新生仔猪的生长与健康状况的研究进展.%The growth and health of fetus and neonate are directly influenced by nutritional and physiological status of sows. The sows are often under catabolic conditions and provide an inadequate supply of dietary protein for fetal and mammary gland growths due to restricting feeding program during pregnancy and low voluntary feed intake during lactation. Functional amino acids (arginine, branched-chain amino acids, glutamate, tryptophan and proline) can enhance conception rates, embryogenesis, blood flow, antioxidant activity, appetite , translation initiation for protein synthesis, immune cells proliferation and intestinal development. Dietary supplementation with functional amino acids holds great promise for optimizing nutrition, health and production performance of sows and piglets. Functional amino acids are reviewed in this paper, focusing on improving the growth and health of pregnant and lactating sows and neonatal piglets by modulating key metabolic pathways
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