饲喂氧化鱼油对新生仔猪肠道黏膜免疫应答的影响及大豆异黄酮的干预作用

摘要

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary oxidized fish oil (OFO) and the intervention of soybean isoflavones (SI) supplementation on growth performance, intestinal mucosal oxidation-related indicators, immune factors, and co-oxidation and immune-related factors in neonatal piglets, and to explore the effects of oxidative stress on growth and intestinal immune response in neonatal piglets. The neonatal piglets (n =96, 4 day old) were selected and divided into four groups. They were fed 5％ fresh fish oil (FFO) ( group Ⅰ), 5％ FFO +50 mg/kg SI (group II ), 5％ OFO (group Ⅲ), OFO +50 mg/kg SI (group Ⅳ). After 21 d of feeding, two piglets per replicate were slaughtered, and small intestines were sampled. The results were showed as follows: at the end of 21 d, body weight of the neonatal piglets in group Ⅲ was significantly decreased compared with that in group Ⅱ ( P ＜ 0.05). From 1 to 21 d, daily weight gain of the neonatal piglets in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ (P ＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the intestinal mucosa of piglets in group Ⅲ was increased by 90.89％ ( P ＜0.05) and 73.28％ ( P ＜0.05), respectively. SI supplementation significantly improved the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in intestinal mucosa ( P ＜ 0.05 ). The OFO and SI produced a significant interaction effect on the activity of total anti-oxidation capability (T-AOC) in intestinal mucosa ( P ＜0.01). The content of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than the that in group Ⅰ (P ＜0.01 ) and the contents of interleukin-8 (IL-8) ( P ＜ 0.05) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) ( P ＜ 0.01 ) in group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in group Ⅰ ( P ＜ 0.05), respectively. The OFO significantly increased the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS ) ( P ＜ 0.05) and the content of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)(P ＜0.01). Collectively, these results suggest that dietary OFO significantly reduces the antioxidant capacity and causes intestinal inflammation in piglets (4 to 24 d old). SI supplementation can alleviate intestinal damage of neonatal piglets.%本试验旨在通过研究饲喂氧化鱼油对新生仔猪生长性能、肠道黏膜氧化相关指标、免疫因子、氧化和免疫共同相关因子的影响以及添加大豆异黄酮(SI)对其的干预作用,探讨氧化应激对新生仔猪生长、肠道免疫应答的影响机制.试验选用4日龄新生仔猪96头,分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复4头仔猪,各组饲粮中分别添加5%新鲜鱼油(Ⅰ组)、5%新鲜鱼油+50 mg/kg SI(Ⅱ组)、5%氧化鱼油(Ⅲ组)和5%氧化鱼油+50 mg/kg SI(Ⅳ组).试验期21 d.试验结束后,每重复选取2头仔猪进行屠宰取样.结果表明:试验第21天Ⅲ组仔猪体重显著低于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05);1～21天Ⅲ组仔猪平均日增重显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P＜0.05).Ⅲ组仔猪肠道黏膜丙二醛(MDA)含量比Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组分别提高了90.89%(P＜0.05)和73.28%(P＜0.05).SI添加显著提高肠道黏膜总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性(P＜0.05).氧化鱼油和SI对肠道黏膜总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)产生极显著互作效应(P＜0.01).Ⅲ组新生仔猪肠道黏膜白细胞介素-2(IL-2)含量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.01),白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量极显著低于Ⅰ组(P＜0.01),白细胞介素-8(IL-8)含量显著低于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05).氧化鱼油显著提高了新生仔猪肠道黏膜诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)活性(P＜0.05),极显著提高了核因子-kB(NF-kB)含量(P＜0.01).综上所述,饲粮中添加氧化鱼油显著降低了新生仔猪(4～24日龄)肠道抗氧化能力,引发了新生仔猪肠道的炎症反应.饲粮中添加SI在一定程度上可以缓解新生仔猪肠道受损.