30～60kg生长猪钙需要量研究

摘要

This experiment was to conducted to study the effects of dietary calcium level on growth performance , tibia performance and serum biochemical indices of pigs, and to explore the optimal calcium level in the diet of growing pigs weighting 30 to 60 kg. A single factorial randomized design was adopted, and thirty crossed pigs (Duroc x'Landrace x Yorkshire) with an average body weight of (34. 2 ±2.1) kg were randomly allotted into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 pig per replicate. Pigs were fed corn-soybean experimental diets supplemented with 0.45% (control group) , 0. 50% , 0. 55% , 0.60% and 0.65% calcium, respectively. The adjustment period lasted for 5 days, and the experimental period lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows; 1) feed/gain was not affected by dietary calcium level (P >0. 05) , the average daily feed intake in 0. 55% and 0. 60% groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0. 05) , and the average daily gain in 0. 50% and 0. 55% groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0. 05). 2) The fresh weight, length and the relative weight of tibia were not affected by dietary calcium level (P >0. 05) , the ash content of defatted tibia in 0. 55% , 0. 60% and 0. 65% groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0. 05) , the calcium content of tibia ash in 0. 55% and 0. 60% groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0. 05) , and the phosphorus content of tibia ash in 0. 55% , 0. 60% and 0. 65% groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0. 05). 3) The contents of calcium and phosphorus in serum were not affected by dietary calcium level (P >0. 05) , but the serum alkaline phosphatase activity in 0. 45% , 0. 50% and 0. 65% groups was significantly higher than that in 0. 55% and 0. 60% groups (P <0. 05). In conclusion, based on growth performance and tibia performance, the optimal calcium requirements of growing pigs weighting 30 to 60 kg are 0. 55% and 0. 60% , respectively.%本试验旨在研究饲粮钙水平对猪生长性能、胫骨性能及血清生化指标的影响,探讨30～60kg生长猪的适宜钙需要量.试验采用单因子完全随机试验设计,将30头初重(34.2±2.1)kg的“杜×长×大”生长猪随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复l头猪.各组分别饲喂钙水平为0.45％(对照组)、0.50％、0.55％、0.60％和0.65％的玉米-豆粕型试验饲粮.预试期5d,正试期28d.结果表明:1)饲粮钙水平对料重比影响不显著(P＞0.05).0.55％、0.60％钙水平组平均日采食量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),0.50％、0.55％钙水平组平均日增重显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).2)饲粮钙水平对试验猪的胫骨长度、胫骨鲜重、胫骨相对重量影响不显著(P＞0.05).0.55％、0.60％、0.65％钙水平组脱脂胫骨灰分含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),0.55％和0.60％钙水平组胫骨灰分钙含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),0.55％、0.60％、0.65％钙水平组胫骨灰分磷含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).3)饲粮钙水平对血清钙、磷含量无显著影响(P＞0.05),0.45％、0.50％和0.65％钙水平组血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于0.55％和0.60％钙水平组(P＜0.05).综上所述,饲粮钙水平为0.55％时,30～60kg生长猪获得较好的生长性能；饲粮钙水平为0.60％时,30～60kg生长猪获得较好的胫骨性能.