大豆黄酮在蛋鸡饲料中的安全性评价:生产性能、蛋品质和繁殖器官发育

摘要

本试验旨在研究高剂量大豆黄酮对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和繁殖器官发育安全性的影响.选取体重、产蛋率相近的56周龄海兰褐蛋鸡640只,随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复20只鸡.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加10、50、100 mg/kg大豆黄酮的试验饲粮.预试期3周,试验期12周.结果表明:大豆黄酮添加量显著影响了蛋鸡死亡率、产蛋率、产蛋量和料蛋比(P＜0.05),其中产蛋率(P =0.029)、产蛋量(P=0.003)和料蛋比(P =0.019)均与大豆黄酮添加量呈显著二次曲线关系,达到最佳产蛋率、产蛋量和料蛋比时,饲粮中大豆黄酮添加量分别为72.50、46.50和59.52 mg/kg.3个与钙代谢相关的蛋品质指标(蛋壳厚度、蛋壳比例和蛋壳强度)受大豆黄酮添加量影响显著(P＜0.05).大豆黄酮添加量也显著影响了输卵管指数(P＜0.05).由此可见,产蛋后期饲喂高剂量大豆黄酮对蛋鸡采食量、蛋品质和繁殖器官发育没有负面影响,对产蛋率、产蛋量和料蛋比的最高限量建议值为72.50、46.50和59.52 mg/kg.%This trial was conducted to evaluate the safety of high dose daidzein as feed additive in laying hens by determining the performance, egg quality and reproductive organ development. Six hundred and forty 56-week-old Hyline brown hens were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 20 birds in each replicate. Birds in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the others in the experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg daidzein, respectively. Preliminary tiarl period was 3 weeks and experimental period was 8 weeks. The results showed that the mortality, egg production, egg mass and ratio of feed to egg were significantly affected by daidzein supplementation (P <0. 05), and there were significant quadratic correlations between egg production/egg mass/ratio of feed to egg and daidzein supplementation (P =0. 029, P =0. 003, P =0. 019). The daidzein supplementation in the diet of laying hens during the late laying period for optimal egg production, egg mass and ratio of feed to egg were 72. 50, 46. 50 and 59. 52 mg/kg. Daidzein supplementation significantly affected three calcium-related egg quality indexes (eggshell thickness, eggshell percentage and eggshell strength) (P<0.05) , also significantly affected the o-viduct index (P <0. 05). It is indicate that the daidzein has no adverse effect on feed intake, egg quality and reproductive organ development of hens during the late laying period. The recommended values of maximum daidzein limited level are 72. 50, 46. 50 and 59. 52 mg/kg for optimal egg production, egg mass and feed conversion, respectively.