不同生长性能猪肠道菌群差异分析

摘要

This experiment was conducted to analysis the differences of intestinal microbial composition in pigs with different growth performances by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis( PCR-DGGE). Thirty-six barrows(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)with a starting body weight of(26.6±2.6)kg were raised for 42 days( ad libitum)within single bar. Feed intake and body weight of each pig were recorded every week to calculate feed conversion rate and average daily gain. At the end of the experiment,feed conver-sion ratio and average daily gain were integrated to divide the pigs into 3 groups,namely,high growth per-formance group,middle growth performance group and low growth performance group. Three selected pigs from each group were killed to collect gut contents and feces. The results showed that the DGGE band numbers of ileum,colon,cecum and fecal samples were increased with the improvement of growth performance. Spe-cifically,the abundance of Coprococcus sp. in cecum,Roseburia sp. in colon and fecal samples were higher in high growth performance group than those in the low growth performance group,while Roseburia sp. and Lac-tobacillus sp. were abundant in the gut of some high growth performance pigs. In summary,there is a correla-tion between pig gut microbiota composition and the growth performance of pigs. Bacteria belong to the genus of Coprococcus,Roseburia,Lactobacillus can serve as target for improving the health and growth performance of pigs.%本试验旨在用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳（ PCR-DGGE）技术分析不同生长性能生长猪的肠道菌群差异。试验以36头体重为（26．6±2．6）kg的“杜×长×大”阉公猪为材料，进行42 d单栏饲养（自由采食），每周记录采食量与体重并计算饲料转化率以及平均日增重。试验结束时综合考虑饲料转化率以及平均日增重将36头猪分为3组：高、中、低生长性能组，每组选择3头进行屠宰（共9头），分别收集回肠、盲肠、结肠食糜以及粪样，通过PCR-DGGE技术测定菌群组成。结果表明：与生长性能低的猪相比，生长性能高的猪回肠、结肠、盲肠和粪中细菌的DGGE条带数增加；盲肠中粪球菌、结肠和粪样中罗氏菌属细菌的丰度均升高，并且在个别生长性能高的猪盲肠中罗氏菌属细菌和乳酸菌为优势细菌。因此，猪的肠道微生物组成与猪的生长性能有一定关联；粪球菌、罗氏菌属细菌和乳酸菌在生长性能高的猪肠道中是优势菌。