玉米地放养对肉鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血清细胞因子含量的影响

摘要

This trial was designed to investigate the effects of corn stocking on growth performance, slaughter performance and serum cytokine content of meat geese. One thousand 2 to 3 weeks of age meat geese were ran-domly divided into two groups, the control group was feeding in house, the trial group was stocking in corn field which in corn jointing stage. Five geese were selected on 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively for each group, total 40 geese, weighed the weight, collected blood for the test of serum cytokine content. At the end of fattening, 12 geese which were selected randomly in well-distributed physical condition from two groups were made test for slaughter performance. The results showed that the average daily gain, dressing percentage, percentage of half-eviscerated of stocking geese were higher than that of housing geese, the content of interleu-kin-2 ( IL-2) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6) , interleukin-12 ( IL-12) , interferon-α( IFN-α) and interferon-γ( IFN-γ) of serum of stocking geese were higher than that of housing geese. The content of IL-2, IL-6 and IL-12 of ser-um of stocking geese and housing geese on different age had significant difference ( P<0.01) , the serum IL-4 content of stocking geese was significantly higher than that of stocking geese at 2 and 12 weeks ( P<0.01) , the serum IFN-α content of stocking geese was significantly higher than that of housing geese at 8 and 12 weeks ( P<0.01) , the serum IFN-γ content between the two modes had no significant difference ( P>0.05) . In con-clusion, the corn stocking pattern can improve the growth performance and slaughter performance of geese, in-crease the serum cytokine content of geese, improve the immunity of geese. It is a new cultivation pattern which deserved to promote.%试验旨在研究玉米地放养对肉鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血清细胞因子含量的影响. 选取1 000只2~3周龄的肉鹅,随机分为2组,对照组为舍饲,试验组为玉米地放养,放养肉鹅在玉米拔节期进入玉米地. 每组鹅分别于2、4、8和12周龄时各选取5只,共40只鹅,称量其体重,采血进行血清细胞因子含量检测. 育肥结束后,从2组中随机选取体况均匀的鹅各12只进行屠宰性能检测. 结果显示,放养鹅的平均日增重( ADG)、屠宰率、半净膛率高于舍饲鹅;放养鹅血清中白细胞介素-2( IL-2)、白细胞介素-6( IL-6)、白细胞介素-12( IL-12)、干扰素-α( IFN-α)和干扰素-γ( IFN-γ)含量高于舍饲鹅:放养鹅与舍饲鹅血清中IL-2、IL-6和IL-12含量在不同日龄均存在极显著差异( P<0.01) ,舍饲鹅血清中IL-4含量在2、12周龄极显著高于放养鹅( P<0.01),放养鹅血清中 IFN-α 含量在8、12 周龄时极显著高于舍饲鹅(P<0.01),2 组鹅血清中IFN-γ含量均无显著差异( P>0.05). 由此可见,玉米地放养模式可以提高鹅的生长性能和屠宰性能,增加鹅血清细胞因子含量,提高鹅的免疫力,是值得大力推广的新型饲养模式.