DNA纳米结构在药物转运载体和智能载药中的应用进展

摘要

纳米材料具有荷载效率高、靶向性能好、半衰期较长等优点, 非常适于作为药物转运载体, 可有效提高药物的水溶性、稳定性和疾病治疗效果.目前, 开发具有良好生物相容性、可控靶向释放能力和精确载药位点的理想药物转运载体, 仍是该领域存在的挑战性问题和当前研究的重点.自组装DNA纳米结构是一类具有精确结构、功能多样的纳米生物材料, 具有良好的生物相容性和稳定性、较高的膜渗透性和可控靶向释放能力等优点, 是理想的药物转运载体和智能载药材料.本文总结了DNA纳米结构的发展历程、DNA纳米结构作为药物转运载体的研究现状、动态DNA纳米结构在智能载药中的应用进展, 并对其发展前景进行了展望.%Nanocarrier systems have been widely used for improving solubility, stability and therapeutic activity of drugs due to their high drug-loading efficiency, good target specificity and long circulation time.To achieve precisely controlled loading and tumor-selective release of drugs, extensive research efforts have been focused on developing nanocarriers with low toxicity, excellent biocomapatibility and biodegradability.As a type of nano-biomaterials with various functions and applications, self-assembled DNA nanostructures explored new ways to develop drug carriers in smart drug delivery based on their well-defined structures, good biocompatibility and stability, high cell membrane permeability and controlled drug releasing property.In this review, we summarized the developing course and the recent advances of DNA nanostructures for drug delivery, including the application of both static and dynamic DNA nanostructures.The application of dynamic DNA nanostructures for controlled drug release showed great potential in smart drug delivery.