青岛地区653例口腔颌面部创伤患者临床流行病学分析

摘要

Objective To summarize the clinical epidemiological characteristics of 653 cases with oral and maxillofacial injuries in Qingdao area,and discuss the related issues.Methods From January 2002 to August 2015,the medical records of 653 cases of oral and maxillofacial trauma admitted to the 401st Hospital of CPLA were statistically evaluated and analyzed. Results The number of patients with oral and maxillofacial injuries accounted for 26.43% of the total number of undergraduate hospitalized.The male to female ratio was 5.1:1. 37.37% of the patients were aged between 21 to 30 years. Trafifc accident was the major cause of injuries(55.90%).Violent injuries accounted for 20.67%.The mandibular fracture was the most frequently seen (34.46%).The most common associated injury was craniocerebral injury (12.40%).Conclusion The incidence of oral and maxillofacial trauma is related to the patient’s age, sex, and etiologies. The fracture is a common type, and the most common site was mandibular.Trafifc accident is the main cause of injury. Open reduction and rigid internal ifxation therapy is effective in the treatment of maxillofacial fractures. The patient’s general condition can’t be neglected during the treatment.%目的：总结分析青岛地区653例口腔颌面部创伤患者的临床流行病学特点,并对有关问题进行探讨。方法：对解放军401医院口腔颌面外科2002年1月-2015年8月收治的653例口腔颌面部创伤病例进行临床回顾性分析。结果：口腔颌面部创伤患者人数占本科住院总人数的26.43%，男女比为5.1：1，其中21～30岁患者（37.37%）为发病高峰年龄段。病因主要为交通事故伤，占55.90%,暴力致伤占20.67%；损伤部位以下颌骨骨折最为常见（34.46%），合并伤中最多的为颅脑伤（12.40%）。结论：口腔颌面部创伤发病率与性别、年龄及创伤原因有关；骨折为常见创伤类型，部位以下颌骨最为多见；交通事故伤为主要致伤原因，治疗应首先重视全身状况，颌骨骨折以开放复位坚强内固定为主。