军事飞行员和普通人员前庭自旋转试验参考值的比较研究

摘要

Objective To compare the various parameters of vestibular autorotation test (VAT) between the Chinese military pilots and ordinary personnel. Methods Thirty-four pilots who had passed the physical examination,including the caloric test and video-head impulse test of vestibular functions,were selected as subj ects.They received vestibular autorotation test by VAT98-3 detector that manufactured by the WSR Company of United States.The frequencies,horizontal and vertical gains and phase shift of the vestibular ocular reflex (VOR)in VAT were analyzed and compared with the corresponding parameters of 100 ordinary personnel stored in the detector. Results By comparing the measured values of 34 military pilots with 100 ordinary personnel the significant differences were found on the horizontal gain at 2.0,2.3,4.7,5.1,5.5,5.9 Hz,the horizontal phase shift at 2.0,3.9,4.7,5.1 Hz,the vertical gain at 5.5,5.9 Hz and the vertical phase shift at 2.0,3.9, 5.1 Hz (t=2.106-18.647,P<0.05).The vertical phase shifts on the frequencies of 2.3,2.7,3.1, 3.5,4.3 Hz and the asymmetry showed insignificant difference as compared with the reference values of ordinary personnel. Conclusions The military pilots show higher gains on the 2.0 and 2 .3 Hz VAT than the ordinary personnel and the gain is close to 1 ,but on 4.7 ,5 .1 ,5 .5 ,and 5 .9 Hz.The differences should be considered in the evaluation of vestibular functions for military pilots.The aeromedical assessment should take the norm of military pilot as the reference.%目的 对比分析军事飞行员与普通人员前庭自旋转试验(vestibular autorotation test, VAT)的各种参数. 方法 采用美国 WSR公司的 VAT98-3 前庭功能自旋转检测仪,选取 34 名冷热试验、视频头脉冲试验前庭功能正常的改装体检的健康飞行员作为受试者,进行 VAT 测试,分析VAT所测结果中前庭-眼反射各频率的水平增益、垂直增益值和相移情况,并与仪器所带的 1 00 例普通正常人的参数进行比较. 结果 34 例军事飞行员测量值与 100 例普通人员的测试值相比,在频率为 2.0、2.3、4.7、5.1、5.5、5.9 Hz 时的水平增益测量值,2.0、3.9、4.7、5.1 Hz 时的水平相移测量值, 5.5、5.9 Hz时的垂直增益测量值及 2.0、3.9、5.1 Hz 时的垂直相移测量值差异具有统计学意义(t=2.106~18.647,P<0.05);频率为 2.3、2.7、3.1、3.5、4.3、4.7、5.5、5.9 Hz 时的垂直相移及非对称性中的实际测量值与普通人正常值比较差异无统计学意义. 结论 利用 VAT 进行前庭功能检测时,军事飞行员在 2.0、2.3 Hz频率的增益高于普通人群,更接近于 1 的水平;而在4.7、5.1、5.5、5.9 Hz 频率的增益低于普通人群;在前庭功能评价时要考虑到这些差别.进行航空医学鉴定时,要以军事飞行员的参考值为依据.