基于AMESim的石材叉装车工作装置运动特性研究

摘要

石材叉装车作为一种新型工程机械,需要具有较大的举升力和较强的运输性能,同时必须能够适应复杂的作业环境.由于现代矿山开采中叉装车的工况与装载机截然不同,因此传统的将装载机铲斗直接换成货叉的设计方法,使叉装车的举升性能未能得到较大的提升,不能满足使用要求.为获得结构合理、举升性能良好的叉装车工作装置,建立了工作装置动力学模型并分析比较了动臂液压缸铰接点水平和竖直位置变化对工作装置运动特性的影响规律,选取了动臂油缸最优铰接点位置.仿真结果表明,在同样举升30 t荒料的工况下,工作装置动臂液压缸最大压力减小了5 MPa,实现了叉装车性能的优化,为叉装车工作装置参数优化提供了依据.%As a new type of construction machinery,a forklift truck needs to have a large lifting force and a strong transport performance and must be able to adapt to complex operating environment at the same time.Because the working conditions of forklift truck are different from that of loader,the traditional design method of replacing loader bucket with forklift cannot meet the requirements of use.In order to obtain a forklift loading device with reasonable structure and well lifting performance,a dynamic model of the working device is established and the influence of horizontal and vertical positions of the hinge point of the boom hydraulic cylinder on movement characteristics of the working device is analyzed.The optimal hinge point position of boom cylinder is selected based on structural characteristics of the forklift front axle.The simulation results show that under the same lifting 30 t blocks,the maximum pressure of boom cylinder is reduced by 5 MPa,which provides a basis for optimizing the working parameters of forklift loader.