超磁致伸缩材料在电液伺服阀中的应用现状

摘要

Giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) is a kind of novel functional material with excellent features,such as fast response,large magnetostriction and high energy density,and it has attracted the attention of researchers from different fields.Based on the demand of high performance electro-hydraulic servo valve for modern industry,this paper describes the magnetostrictive effect of GMM in brief and expounds its basic properties as well as several physical effects.Then,comparing the performance parameters of piezoelectric ceramics and shape memory alloy,we analyze the performance advantages of GMM.Finally,the application status of GMM in nozzle flapper valve,jet pipe valve and direct drive electro-hydraulic servo valve is introduced emphatically.On the basis of that,the key technology of developing high performance magnetostrictive electro-hydraulic servo valve is prospected.%超磁致伸缩材料是一种具有响应速度快、磁致伸缩应变大、能量密度高等优良特性的新型功能材料,针对其研究和应用已经成为当前热点.基于现代工业对高性能电液伺服阀的需求,描述了该材料的磁致伸缩效应,并对其基本性能及物理效应作了阐述,同时通过对比压电陶瓷、形状记忆合金的性能参数,分析了超磁致伸缩材料的性能优势.最后着重介绍了该材料在喷嘴挡板阀、射流管阀及直接驱动式电液伺服阀当中的应用现状,并基于此现状对研制高性能的超磁致伸缩电液伺服阀关键技术进行了展望.