目的：对样本地区的新农合方案效果进行快速评价，评价农村居民因病致贫的缓解程度、新农合基金收支平衡状况、参合人群就医风险的共担情况。方法：借鉴政策科学评价中“前-后”比较的思路，使用基金结余额和结余率、就医经济风险相对危险度（RR）下降幅度、因病致贫率和因病致贫缺口的下降幅度等指标进行评价。结果：新农合补偿前后，基金基本实现收支平衡，RR下降了43.75%，因病致贫率下降了58.07%，因病致贫总缺口下降了74.04%。结论：样本地区农村居民的就医经济风险有所下降，因病致贫的普遍程度及严重程度均有明显缓解，表明新农合的实施已显成效，制度目标初步落实；但仍需调整方案的重点补偿人群。%Objective:To evaluate the performance of the New Rural Cooperative Medical System(NRCMS) rapidly in the sample area in 2011,namely to evaluate mitigation of medical impoverishment of rural residents, financial break-even of the NRCMS,and sharing of financial risk from medical expenses. Methods:A pre-and post-implementation comparison and evaluative indicators were used(surplus of NRCMS fund,relative risk and the rate of medical impoverishment and poverty gap)to evaluate the achievement of NRCMS goals. Results:For the sample area in 2011,the fund reached financial break-even. Before and after NRCMS reimbursement,rural residents’ relative risk(RR),the rate of medical impoverishment and relative poverty gap had been decreased by 43.75%,58.07%and 74.04%,respectively. Conclusion:For rural residents in the sample area,their financial risk from medical expenses have been reduced and medical impoverishment has also been mitigated obviously both in prevalence and severity. Therefore,the NRCMS has worked effectively and achieved its goals,however with a necessary adjustment of prior reimbursed groups.
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