卫生应急人员监测预警认知现状比较研究

摘要

Objective:To understand the cognitive status of public health emergency early warning and monitoring among the health emergency staffs and to provide basis for the development of health emergency strategies. Methods:According to the stratified cluster random sampling method,questionnaire was used to investigate the emergency staffs in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)in China,and 5 646 copies of valid questionnaires were collected. The survey data was analyzed through descriptive statistical analysis,χ2 test and logistic multivariate analysis. Results:The knowledge of the emergency personnel on monitoring and early warning was little,and there were differences on the cognition of the early warning and monitoring among the staffs from different agencies and with different characteristics,and the cognitive level among the emergency staffs needed improving. A high percentage of the emergency staff realized the necessity of establishing monitoring and early warning system and the importance of information monitoring,but the cognition of the monitoring sources was limited. Conclusion:The functions and implementation of monitoring and early warning need to be further defined. It is suggested to strengthen personnel training exercises,construct team of professionals,widen the monitoring information sources and perfect the mechanism of emergency response.%目的：了解我国卫生应急人员对突发公共卫生事件预警监测的认知现状，为制定卫生应急策略提供依据。方法：采用问卷调查方法，按照分层整群随机抽样的原则，对全国（大陆地区）31个省（自治区、直辖市）承担突发公共卫生事件应急处置的应急工作人员进行调查，共收到有效问卷5646份。采用描述性分析、χ2检验和logistic多因素分析等统计方法对调查数据进行分析。结果：应急人员对监测预警的熟悉度较低，不同机构和不同人口学特征的应急人员的监测预警认知现状存在差异，认知水平亟待进一步提高。应急人员认同建立监测预警制度必要性和信息监测重要性的比例较高，但对监测信息来源认知较局限。结论：从认知结果看，监测预警职能尚需进一步明确与落实，同时加强人才培训演练和专业队伍建设，扩宽监测信息来源，完善应急机制。