“十二五”期间河南省卫生资源配置的公平性分析

摘要

Objective:To analyze the equity of health resource allocation in Henan Province and provide scientific basis for the optimal allocation of health resources. Methods:This paper utilized data mainly from health statistical yearbook of Henan Province and statistical yearbook of Henan Province from 2011 to 2015. From the perspective of population and economic distribution,this paper used Gini coefficient,Lorenz curve,concentration index,generalized entropy index and Atkinson Index to analyze the status and equity of health resource allocation in Henan Province. Results:According to the population distribution,the Gini coefficient of the allocation of medical and health institutions,hospital beds,health professionals,physicians,and nurses in Henan Province were 0.149,0.188,0.130,0.129,and 0.189,and the concentration index were 0.392,0.459,0.448,0.359 and 0.389,respectively. According to the economic distribution, the Gini coefficient of those were 0.287,0.108,0.125,0.132 and 0.109;the concentration index of those were 0.442, 0.409,0.439,0.432 and 0.468,respectively. Conclusion:During the 12th Five-Year Plan period,the allocation of health resources in Henan Province was in an overall good situation;the fairness based on population distribution was better than that of economic distribution. It is suggested that the government strengthen the allocation of health resources in poverty areas,and further improve the fairness of health resource allocation.%目的：对河南省卫生资源配置的公平性进行分析，为卫生资源优化配置提供科学依据。方法：采用2011—2015年河南省卫生统计年鉴、河南省统计年鉴数据，综合运用基尼系数、洛伦茨曲线、集中指数、广义熵指数、阿特金森指数，从人口和经济分布对河南省卫生资源的配置状况与公平性进行分析。结果：河南省卫生资源中医疗卫生机构、医院床位、卫生技术人员、医师、护士按人口分布的基尼系数分别为0.149、0.188、0.130、0.129和0.189，集中指数分别为0.392、0.459、0.448、0.359和0.389；按经济分布的基尼系数分别为0.287、0.108、0.125、0.132和0.109，集中指数分别为0.442、0.409、0.439、0.432和0.468。结论：“十二五”期间河南省卫生资源配置的公平性整体较好；人口分布优于经济分布的公平性；应该加强经济水平较弱地区的卫生资源配置，进一步提高卫生资源配置的公平性。