应对方式对赴川救灾医护人员替代性创伤的影响研究

摘要

目的 探讨应对方式对赴川救灾医护人员替代性创伤的影响.方法 采用特质应对方式问卷和灾难救助者替代性创伤问卷对170名赴川救灾医护人员进行问卷调查.结果 (1)不同性别的救灾医护人员在应对方式上差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(2)中、重度受灾地区医护人员的积极应对得分比轻度受灾地区高,差异有统计学意义(F=5.216,P＜0.01).(3)灾后两周以内赴川的医护人员积极应对得分比三周及以后赴川的高,差异有统计学意义(F=6.924,P＜0.001).(4)医护人员的替代性创伤各因子及总分与消极应对方式正相关(P＜0.001);除认知反应外,医护人员的替代性创伤各因子及总分与积极应对方式负相关(P＜0.001).(5)救灾医护人员的应对方式可以有效预测替代性创伤.结论 不同性别的医护人员应对方式不存在显著差异,但受灾地区灾情程度和赴川时间对医护人员的应对方式有影响;采用积极应对方式使医护人员的替代性创伤得分低,消极应对使替代性创伤得分高.%Objective To explore the impact of coping styles on the state of vicarious traumatization among medical workers during Wenchuan earthquake. Methods A total of 170 medical volunteers participated in disaster relief work during Wenchuan earthquake were enrolled randomly and investigated using the " vicarious traumatization questionnaire" by Han Xue and Trait of Coping Style Questionnaire ( TCSQ ) . Results ( 1 ) No significant differences between different genders were noted in the coping styles of medical workers ( P > 0. 05 ). (2) Active coping scores were higher among medical workers in moderately and severely affected areas than among workers in mildly affected disaster areas ( F = 5. 216, P < 0. 01 ) . ( 3 ) Workers arrived within two weeks after the earthquake displayed higher active coping scores than those arrived within three weeks ( F = 6. 924, P < 0. 001 ) . ( 4 ) Significant positive correlations existed between vicarious traumatization and negative coping styles ( P <0. 001 ) . Except for cognitive reaction, significant negative correlations existed between vicarious traumatization and positive coping styles ( P <0. 001 ) . ( 5 ) The coping styles of medical workers effectively predicted the onset of vicarious traumatization. Conclusion The coping styles of medical workers are affected by working places and time of arriving, and on the other hand not affected by genders. Positive coping styles of medical workers result in lower vicarious traumatization scores, while negative coping styles result higher vicarious traumatization scores