医学生焦虑情绪与一般自我效能感及应对方式的关系研究

摘要

目的 调查医学生焦虑情绪状况及其与自我效能感和应对方式的关系,为提高医学生心理健康教育工作质量提供依据.方法 采用分层抽样的方法,随机抽取440名医学生为研究对象进行问卷调查和心理测评,测评工具包括焦虑自评量表(SAS)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、应对方式量表(CSS).结果 医学生高焦虑水平的发生率为17.5%,焦虑水平在性别、年级及不同专业间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).焦虑与自责、幻想、退避、合理化4个因子呈正相关,焦虑与自我效能、解决问题呈负相关(P＜0.05).自责、解决问题、合理化、求助4个变量是焦虑情绪的有效预测因素,联合解释焦虑情绪总变异的14.6%.结论 应根据医学生焦虑情绪的状况及影响因素,采取针对性的健康教育和心理干预,预防和降低焦虑问题的发生率.%Objective To investigate the anxiety status and its correlations with general self - efficacy and coping style among medical students with the hope to provide reference for mental health education.Methods A total of 440 medical students.sampled by stratified method, were surveyed with Self - Rating Anxiety Scale ( SAS ) and General Self Efficacy Scale ( GSES ), Coping Style Scale ( CSS ).Results Incidence of high anxiety level was 17.5％.Differences of anxiety levels were significant with respect to sex, school - year, and discipline ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Anxiety was positively correlated with self - blame ,fantasy , avoidance, and rationalization; anxiety was negatively c:orrelated with self - efficacy and problem solving ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Stepwise regression analysis showed that self - blame, problem solving, rationalizing, and help - seeking were among the effective predictors of anxiety, explaining 14.6％ of the total variance of anxiety.Conclusion Anxiety should be prevented or reduced by special helath education and intervention designed according to the related factors.