山东省医护人员乙型病毒性肝炎防治知识知晓程度调查

摘要

Objective To investigate the awareness of hepatitis B prevention and treatment related knowledge among doctors and nurses. Methods Doctors and nurses in provincial, city, county and township level hospitals in Shandong province were asked to register and complete an online questionnaire ( www. knowhbv. org ) on hepatitis B prevention and care between July and December 2011. The website was developed by the Asian Liver Center at Stanford University. The 20 items in the questionnaire fell into four sections: Symptoms and outcomes of hepatitis B, transmission routes of hepatitis B virus ( HBV ), preven-tative measures of HBV infection, routine and regular examination of HBV infected persons and hepatitis B patients. Results A total of 344 participants completed the survey, including 180 doctors and 164 nurses. Only 24. 7% for the 344 participants answered all 20 questions correctly, 32. 2% for the doctors and 16. 5% of the nurses ( P <0. 01 ). Response accuracy was significantly different between doctors and nurses in all four sections ( P <0. 01 ) as well as in the six questions regarding the misconception that hepatitis B can be transmitted through food and daily contact ( P <0. 05 ). Response accuracy rose with hospital level, education level and professional title of the participants ( x2trend = 25. 09, 10.56, 8.42, P <0. 05). Conclusion A considerable percentage of nurses and doctors have misconceptions about HBV transmission routes and hepatitis B preventive measures. Doctors and nurses, especially nurses and those working in township hospitals, lack systematic and comprehensive knowledge about hepatitis B prevention and treatment, and are in urgent need of HBV related training.%目的 调查医护人员乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)防治知识的知晓程度.方法 2011年7-12月,通过美国斯坦福大学亚裔肝脏中心建立的网站(www.knowhbv.org)发布网上知识调查问卷,对山东省、市、县和乡镇医疗机构的在职医护人员进行乙肝防治知识问卷调查.所有医护人员在网上注册并填写网上知识问卷,完成后提交答案.网上知识调查问卷包括乙肝症状与结局、乙肝传播途径、防止HBV感染措施及HBV感染者和乙肝患者的常规检测项目4部分,共20个问题.结果 共344名医护人员完成网上注册并提交了网上知识调查问卷,其中医生180名,护士164名.344名医护人员全部问题回答正确率为24.7%,其中医生为32.2%,护士为16.5%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).医生与护士4部分问题的回答正确率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01),其中涉及乙肝不经食物和日常接触传播的6个问题,医生与护士回答正确率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).医护人员各类问题回答正确率均随着医院级别、受教育程度、职称的升高而升高(χ2趋势值分别为25.09,10.56和8.42,P＜0.05).结论 医护人员尤其是护士和乡镇卫生院医护人员对乙肝防治知识缺乏系统、全面的了解;部分护士和医生对于乙肝传播途径和预防措施存在误解.建议对医护人员尤其是护士开展全面系统的乙肝防治知识培训,加强乡镇卫生院等基层医疗机构医护人员的培训,以重点提高医护人员的乙肝防治水平.