中青年慢性咳嗽患者病因分布及生活质量差异性研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the pathogeny distribution of young and middle aged patients with chronic cough and the differences in their quality of life.Methods We enrolled 240 young and middle aged patients who received treatment in the Department of Respiration Medicine of People′s Hospital of Quzhou from January 2013 to June 2014.According to age and gender, we divided the patients into young male group (n=60), young female group (n=68), middle aged male group (n=50) and middle aged female group (n=62) .We analyzed the pathogenies of the patients and recorded the scores of cough symptom, VAS and LCQ.Results The numbers of patients with CVA , UACS, EB, GERC, AC as pathogenies and with unknown reason were 62 ( 25.8%) , 48 ( 20.0%) , 42 ( 17.5%) , 40 ( 16.7%) , 38 ( 15.8%) and 10 ( 4.2%) respectively.The 4 groups were significantly different in pathogeny distribution ( P<0.01 ) .Patients with different pathogenies were significantly different in LCQ score ( P<0.05 ) .The 4 groups were significantly different ( P<0.05 ) in cough symptom score, VAS score and LCQ score.Young female group was significantly different from young male group and middle aged male group in the scores of VAS and LCQ (P<0.05); middle aged female group was significantly different (P<0.05) from young male group, young female group and middle aged male group in the scores of cough symptom , VAS and LCQ.For all the groups, LCQ score was negatively correlated with VAS score and cough symptom score ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion The pathogenies of chronic cough are mainly CVA , UACS, EB, GERC and AC, and patients′quality of life varies with different pathogenies.Cooperativity among LCQ , VAS and cough symptom score is good.Patients with different genders and ages are different in quality of life , and female patients have poorer quality of life , especially for middle aged females.%目的：了解中青年慢性咳嗽患者的病因分布情况，并探讨其生活质量差异性。方法选取2013年1月—2014年6月因慢性咳嗽到衢州市人民医院呼吸内科就诊的中青年患者240例。根据年龄和性别，将其分为青年男性组（n＝60）、青年女性组（n＝68）、中年男性组（n＝50）及中年女性组（n＝62）。分析患者病因，记录并比较患者的咳嗽症状积分表得分、视觉模拟得分法（VAS）得分、莱塞斯特咳嗽量表（LCQ）得分。结果病因为咳嗽变异性哮喘（CVA）、上气道咳嗽综合征（UACS）、嗜酸粒细胞性支气管炎（EB）、胃食管反流性咳嗽（GERC）、变应性咳嗽（ AC）、原因不明性咳嗽的患者数分别为62例（占25.8％）、48例（占20.0％）、42例（占17.5％）、40例（占16.7％）、38例（占15.8％）、10例（占4.2％）。4组患者病因分布情况比较，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.01）。不同病因患者的LCQ得分比较，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。4组患者咳嗽症状积分表得分、 VAS得分、 LCQ得分比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。青年女性组与青年男性组、中年男性组患者的VAS得分、 LCQ得分比较，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）；中年女性组与青年男性组、青年女性组、中年男性组患者的咳嗽症状积分表得分、 VAS得分、 LCQ得分比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。4组患者的LCQ得分与VAS得分、咳嗽症状积分表得分均呈负相关关系（P＜0.05）。结论慢性咳嗽患者的病因主要为CVA、 UACS、 EB、 GERC及AC，不同病因患者的生活质量不同。 LCQ与VAS、咳嗽症状积分表的协同性较好，不同性别和年龄慢性咳嗽患者的生活质量不同，女性患者的生活质量较差，尤其是中年女性。