目的：探讨脑创伤女性患者尿失禁的发生率及其危险因素。方法选取2010年6月—2012年12月南昌大学附属赣州医院收治的脑创伤女性患者158例为研究组，同时选取该院无脑创伤病史的女性志愿者237例为对照组，采用问卷调查法收集两组的基本资料，观察随访1年内的尿失禁发生率。采用 Cox 比例风险回归模型分析两组尿失禁生存率的风险比（HR）。比较不同临床特征的脑创伤患者1年内尿失禁发生率。结果研究组1年内尿失禁发生率高于对照组〔13.3％（21/158）比3.0％（7/237）〕，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝11.247，P ＝0.002）。校正可能的影响因素（年龄、体质指数、高血压、糖尿病、分娩史、盆底手术史）后，两组尿失禁生存率的 HR 为4.61〔95％ CI （4.32，5.18），P ＝0.270〕。是否脑出血的脑创伤患者1年内尿失禁发生率间差异有统计学意义（χ2＝8.671，P＝0.022）。结论脑创伤女性患者尿失禁发生率较高，脑出血可能是脑创伤后尿失禁的危险因素。%Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of urinary incontinence(UI)in female patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI). Methods We enrolled 158 female patients with TBI who were admitted into Ganzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University from June 2010 to December 2012 as research group,and we enrolled 237 female volunteers without history of TBI as control group in the same period. Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the basic data of the subjects. The 1 - year incidence of UI was observed. Cox proportional hazard regression model was employed to investigate the hazard ratio( HR)between the UI survival rates of the two groups. Comparison was made in 1 - year incidence of UI among subjects with different clinical characteristics. Results The research group was higher than the control group in 1 - year incidence of UI〔13. 3% (21 / 158)vs. 3. 0% (7 / 237),χ2 = 11. 247,P = 0. 022〕. After the adjustment of possible influencing factors ( age,body mass index,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,history of delivery and history of pelvic surgery),the HR between the UI survival rates of the two groups was 4. 61〔95% CI(4. 32,5. 18),P = 0. 270〕. There was significant difference in the 1 -year UI incidence between subjects with cerebral hemorrhage and subjects without cerebral hemorrhage ( χ2 = 8. 671,P= 0. 022). Conclusion Female patients with TBI are high in the incidence of UI,and cerebral hemorrhage may be a risk factor for UI after TBI.
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