图文式健康教育对学龄重型地中海贫血患儿治疗依从性及并发症发生率的影响

摘要

[目的]探讨图文式健康教育对学龄重型地中海贫血患儿治疗依从性及并发症发生率的影响.[方法]选取本院血液内科收治的重型地中海贫血患儿45例,根据随机数字表法将患儿分为对照组22例及观察组23例,对照组治疗期间行常规性健康教育,观察组治疗期间实施图文式健康教育,比较两组患儿干预前后自我效能、心理状况及疾病知识水平的变化,并记录两组治疗依从率、并发症发生率及家属满意率情况.[结果]观察组患儿干预后自我效能及疾病知识评分高于对照组(P＜0.05),而患儿抑郁自评量表(CDI)评分、儿童焦虑量表(SCAS)评分较对照组明显下降(P＜0.05).观察组治疗依从率、家属满意率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),而并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).[结论]图文式健康教育能有效提高学龄重型地中海贫血患儿自我效能及疾病知识水平,减轻患儿焦虑感及抑郁感,提高患儿遵医行为,降低患儿并发症,有利于促进患儿预后,提高家属满意率.%Objective:To explore the effect of graphic health education on the compliance of treatment and the incidence of complications in school-age children with thalassemia major.Methods:45 cases of patients with thalassemia major were randomly divided into a control group (n=22) and an observation group (n=23) according to a random number table from December 2015 to December 2017.The control group was received with routine treatment during the treatment period and observation group was received with performed graphical and graphical health education during the treatment period.The changes of self-efficacy, psychological status, and disease knowledge before and after the intervention of two groups were compared.The treatment compliance rates, incidence of complications and satisfaction of family members of the two groups were recorded.Results:The scores of self-efficacy and disease knowledge of observation group were higher than control group (P＜0.05), while the scores of the depression self-assessment scale (CDI) and the children′s anxiety scale (SCAS) of observation group were significantly lower than control group (P＜0.05).The treatment compliance rate and family satisfaction rate of observation group were significantly higher than control group (P＜0.05), and complication rate was lower than control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions:Graphical health education can effectively improve the self-efficacy and disease knowledge of children with thalassemia major in school age, relieve anxiety and depression in children, improve the compliance behavior of children, reduce the complications of children, and promote the development of children.Prognosis, improve family satisfaction.