2012-2014年梧州市中医医院HIV感染者的人群特征分析

摘要

目的：分析本院人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染患者的流行特征，提高医务工作者对HIV的认识，为制定有效的预防措施提供科学依据。方法：选择2012-2014年于本院进行HIV抗体初筛的29464例患者为研究对象，对其中HIV确证阳性患者的流行病学资料进行描述性流行病学方法分析。结果：29464例患者中共有确证阳性患者66例，HIV感染者阳性率为0.22%，其中男50例，女16例，男女性别比例3.13∶1；以20~59岁为主要感染人群占80.30%(53/66)，≥60岁的老年人占16.67%(11/66)；感染者文化程度较低，以小学和初中为主，占83.33%(55/66)；传播途径以异性传播为主，占65.15%(43/66)；汉族最多，占95.46%(63/66)；已婚有配偶者为主，占59.09%(39/66)；职业分布以民工及农民为主，占63.64%(42/66)；HIV合并HCV感染者最多，占33.33%(22/66)。结论：2012-2014年本院确证的HIV感染者以男性、20~59岁、低学历、已婚有配偶者为主，传播途径以异性传播为主。因此，应针对不同人群有针对性的开展预防HIV的宣传教育工作。%Objective:To raise the awareness of medical workers to HIV and to provide scientific basis for making effective precautions by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients in Wuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Method:Twenty-nine thousand four hundred and sixty-four patients admitted to our hospital for HIV test from 2012 to 2014 were selected as the objects,the epidemiological data of HIV positive patients were analyzed by the method of descriptive epidemiology.Result:These 29 464 patients were carried out the HIV antibody screening and a total of 66 cases of positive patients were confirmed(0.22%),including 50 males and 16 females which means that the male female ratio was 3.13∶1.Among them,the majority of infected individuals accounted for 80.3%(53/66) was 20 to 59 years old,while over 60 yeas old accounted for 16.67%(11/66).In terms of the education level, people of primary or secondary school education,which means a low culture level,were the mainly parts of HIV infected patients,with the proportion of 83.33%(55/66).In the aspect of transmission routes,the heterosexual transmissions was the main part which accounted for 65.15%(43/66).Han Chinese accounted for up to 95.46%(63/66).People with a spouse were up to 59.09% (39/66).In terms of occupation distribution,migrant workers and farmers were primarily infected,which accounted for 63.64%(42/66).The patient infected by HIV combined with HCV was the most of concurrent infections,accounting for 33.33%(22/66).Conclusion:From 2012 to 2014,the main HIV infected people in Wuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine are male,20 to 59 years old, low educated persons and the one who has a spouse.The primarily transmission route is heterosexual transmission.As a result,it is necessary to be targeted to carry out preventions of HIV propaganda and education works for different kinds of people.