PD⁃1/PD⁃L1受体抑制剂与肾癌免疫治疗的研究进展

摘要

肾癌对放化疗均不敏感,现有治疗手段难以取得理想效果,亟需探究新的治疗方法.程序性死亡因子1(PD?1)和程序性死亡因子配体1(PD?L1)是一对免疫共刺激因子,PD?1、PD?L1高表达与肿瘤免疫治疗及预后密切相关.PD?1及PD?L1阻滞剂在恶性黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌的治疗中已取得显著成效,在其他恶性肿瘤中的疗效亦在不断研究中.相关临床研究显示抗PD?1/PD?L1治疗在肾癌中显现一定疗效.PD?1/PD?L1阻滞剂有望成为肾癌治疗的新希望.本文旨在回顾及总结近年来PD?1及PD?L1阻滞剂在肾癌中的应用及研究进展,并探讨其可能的分子机制.%New therapeutic methods for renal carcinoma are in urgent need because of its insensitivity to the existing treat?ments, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Programmed cell death factor 1 ( PD?1) and programmed cell death factor ligand 1 ( PD?L1) are costimulatory factors. Anti?PD?1 and anti?PD?L1 therapies are proved to be effective among the treatments for malignant melanoma and non?small cell lung cancer. Moreover, they are widely used to other malignancies as well. PD?1/PD?L1 inhibitors are expected to become new methods for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. This article aims to review the research progressions of PD?1/PD?L1 im?mune checkpoint inhibitors in renal cell carcinoma and explore the possible molecular mechanisms.