花粉发育的研究进展

摘要

In recent years, significant progress has been made in studies on pollen development with the wide application of modern biological techniques. As a result, many specific genes in pollen development have been cloned. Some mutants of pollen development have been identified. This paper briefly describes the progress in cytoplasm reorganization, dynamics of wall callose, starch granules and organelles in pollen grains, the tapetum development, specific genes, asymmetric division and cell fate determination in developing pollens. Some problems and future research directions are pointed out in this review.%近年来，随着现代生物学技术及分子生物学技术在花粉生物学研究领域中广泛的应用，从而使花粉发育过程中一些关键问题及其有关分子机理的研究均获得了重要进展。目前已克隆了许多与花粉发育有关的基因，并鉴定了一些花粉发育的突变体。本文针对花粉发育过程中的细胞质改组；胼胝质壁、淀粉粒和细胞器的动态变化；绒毡层的发育；花粉发育特异基因；以及不对称分裂和细胞命运等几个生物学问题的研究进展作了简要综述，最后还提出了一些研究展望。