目的：研究优秀女子速滑运动员全程速度节奏特征以快速提高我国该项目的运动成绩；方法：以荷兰短距离世锦赛比赛数据为基础，通过归纳总结和对比分析，研究女子内外道速度节奏特征。结果：女子外道的全程速度节奏特征是：第一直道快速加速，第一弯道稳定增速，第二直道缓慢增速后维持高速滑行，第二弯道大幅降速后维持原速滑行，第三直道调整后努力维持速度滑行；女子内道的全程速度节奏特征是：前100 m快速加速，112 m分段降低加速节奏，第一弯道保持速度稳定增长；出第一弯道后速度增长放慢，然后在入第二弯道前匀速前进；第二弯道仍然保持较稳定的速度节奏，出第二弯道后主动降速缓冲，然后努力维持高速滑行至终点；突出的最大速度能力和较好前100 m成绩是获取优异运动成绩的基础，但良好的全程速度节奏分配是获取好成绩的关键。%Purpose, research the speed rhythm characteristics of the excellent 500m women speed skaters in whole race in order to quickly improve chinese performance; methods, research the skaters' speed rhythm characteristics both in the inner and outer lane by comparatively analyzing the results in holland sprint world; results,the speed rhythm characteristics in the outer lane: fast acceleration in the first straight, stable growth in the first curve, slow increase into high speed in the second straight, considerable decrease into lower speed in the second curve, hard adjusting in the last straight;the other characteristics in the inner lane: fast acceleration in the first 100m and slow acceleration to 112m, stable growth in the first curve, slow increase after the curve and even pacing into the second curve; stable keeping in the second curve, actively decreasing after the curve and hard sprint to the finishing line. the maximum speed ability and good results in first 100m is the base for them to get excellent performance, and the good distribution of whole speed rhythm is the key to get good achievement.
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