采用发散法以脱氢枞胺为核心,以甲醇为溶剂,用丙烯酸甲酯和乙二胺为原料,通过迈克尔加成和酰胺化缩合反应,制备了一种1.0G超支化分子,其与氯乙酸反应合成了一种松香基超支化表面活性剂.采用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对产物的结构进行表征,通过热重(TGA)对产物的热稳定性进行分析,同时考察了这种表面活性剂的性质.结果表明,该松香基超支化表面活性剂水溶液的临界胶束浓度(cmc)为1.4 mmol·L-1,相应的临界表面张力为35.0 mN·m-1；在质量浓度为1.67 g· L-1时,起泡高度达到82 mm,半衰期为225 min;该表面活性剂的乳化能力强,同时该表面活性剂能在煤粒上较好的吸附.%A kind of 1. 0G hyperbranched molecules was synthesized using divergent method with dehydroabietylamine as the core starting material and methanol as solvent, and then stepwise reacted with methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine via Michael addition reaction and amidation condensation reaction respectively. Rosin based hyperbranched surfactant product was synthesized by means of the 1.0G hyperbranched molecule as initiator by reaction with chloroacetic acid. Structure of the product was characterized by IR spectra, 1HNMR spectra and TGA. Surface activity of the rosin based hyperbranched surfactant product was investigated. Results indicated that the critical micelle concentration ( cmc) is 1. 4 mmol · L-1 ,and the surface tension of aqueous solution of the product at cmc is 35. 0 mN · m-1. When the mass concentration of the product is 1. 67 g · L-1, the foam height is 82 mm, and the half - life of foam is 225 min. The product displays strong emulsification power and good adsorption on coal surface.
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