松香基聚氧乙烯胺型双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

摘要

脱氢枞胺经N-烷基化反应合成N,N′-二脱氢枞基-α,ω-丙二胺,再与溴代聚乙二醇单甲醚经N-烷基化反应制备了4种不同分子质量的N,N′-二聚乙二醇单甲醚-N,N′-二脱氢枞基-α,ω-丙二胺松香基聚氧乙烯胺型双子表面活性剂RPG550、RPG1000、RPG2000和RPG5000。通过FT-IR和1H NMR对产物进行了结构表征,并对其临界胶束浓度( CMC)及其表面张力(γcmc )、对松节油/水体系或液体石蜡/水体系的乳化能力、抑泡及消泡能力进行了研究。研究结果表明：RPG550、RPG1000、RPG2000、RPG5000的CMC值分别为1．00×10-3、9.75×10-4、5.25×10-4、1.90×10-4 mol/L,γcmc值分别为26.4、27.5、22.8、22.2 mN/m,都低于市售表面活性剂壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚TX-10的相应值( CMC值2.03×10-3 mol/L,γcmc值31.6 mN/m)；其对松节油/水体系以及液体石蜡/水体系有较好的乳化能力,并有明显的抑泡能力和一定的消泡能力,抑泡能力明显好于TX-10。%Four rosin-based polyoxyethylene amine gemini surfactants N, N′-methoxypolyethylene glycols-N, N′-dehydroabietylamine-α,ω-promethylene diamine ( RPG550, RPG1000, RPG2000, and RPG5000 ) with different molecular weights, were synthesized from dehydroabietylamine through N-alkylation reactions. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by FT-IR and 1H NMR, and their surface activities were investigated and analyzed. The results showed the CMC andγcmc values of these four compounds were lower than that of commercial TX-10. The CMC values of RPG550, RPG1000, RPG2000, RPG5000 and TX-10 were 1. 00 × 10-3 , 9. 75 × 10-4 , 5. 25 × 10-4 , 1. 90 × 10-4 , and 2. 03 × 10-3 mol/L, respectively. The γcmc values of these surfactants were 26. 4, 27. 5, 22. 8, 22. 2, and 31. 6 mN/m, respectively. These compounds have excellent emulsifiability in the turpentine/water system and the liquid paraffin/water system. They also have good foam inhibition and defoaming power properties, and the foam inhibition property of RPG is significantly better than that of TX-10.