离子液体表面活性剂的合成与应用（Ⅰ）--离子液体表面活性剂的结构和分类

摘要

在介绍了离子液体的结构特点和特性的基础上，重点综述了离子液体表面活性剂的结构特征，并且按阳离子型、阴离子型、两性型、双子型和Bola型五类分别介绍了离子液体表面活性剂的典型结构和文献发表的主要品种，显示了离子液体表面活性剂具有较强的结构可设计性和未来品种的多样性。%Based upon structure characters of ionic liquids,the structure and performance characters of ionic liquid surfactants were emphatically summarized. Results collected from literature surveying showed that they can be classified into five main types as cationic,anionic,amphoteric,Gemini and Bola. Their typical structure was described separately and they can be purposely designed according to requirement. There would be many new varieties of ionic liquid surfactant in future.