输气管道半定量风险评估标准的比较和应用

摘要

风险评估技术是管道完整性管理的关键技术，可以有效地提高油气管道运行的安全性和经济性。半定量的风险评估方法是目前我国较为实用的风险评估方法。针对国内现行有效的两个埋地油气管道半定量风险评估标准GB/T 27512—2011《埋地钢质管道风险评估方法》和SY/T 6891.1—2012《油气管道风险评价方法第一部分：半定量评价法》，对其管段划分原则、评分体系、风险计算、风险等级划分及对实际案例的评估结果进行了分析和比较。通过案例应用分析，表明国标的实用性更好。%Risk assessment technology is the key technology of pipeline integrity management, which can effectively improve the security and economy of oil & gas pipeline operation. Semi-quantitative risk assessment method is the more practical method of risk assessment in our country at present. This article introduces two domestic current effective standards about buried oil & gas pipeline semi-quantitative risk assessment, which are GB/T 27512—2011 "Risk assessment for buried steel pipeline" and SY/T 6891.1—2012 "oil & gas pipeline risk assessment methods-Part 1: semi-quantitative risk assessment method". This article also analyzes and compares their principles of segment division, assessment systems, risk calculations, risk grades and the results of actual assessment case. The results of case application and analysis shows that the practicability of national standard is better.