浅湿交替节水灌溉对水稻产量及生物学特性的影响

摘要

2014年在宜良县利用楚粳38和云粳36进行浅湿交替灌溉试验，研究了水稻移栽至成熟期不同浅湿交替处理对水稻产量和生物学特性的影响。结果表明：随着浅湿交替天数的增加，产量呈下降趋势，但差异不显著。浅湿交替灌溉处理7天后产量比对照减产5%以上。有效穗数和千粒重交替灌溉后受影响，但无明显规律，各因素的共同作用使产量产生差异。与对照相比，浅湿交替灌溉处理后前期分蘖增长快、齐穗期功能叶叶面积指数增加，但不同处理间差异不显著。齐穗期浅湿交替处理后茎、叶干重增加、穗干质量下降，成熟期茎、叶、穗干质量不同处理间无显著差异。%Effects of four different wet-shallow alternate irrigation methods from transplanting to filling stage on grain yield and biolog-ical characteristics of rice Chujing38 and Yunjing36 were studied in Yunnan fields in 2014. The results showed that the yield were reduced along with the increase of wet-shallow alternate irrigation days, but there were no significant difference in different treat-ments, the yield were decreased by more than 5% in wet-shallow alternate irrigation 7 days. The effective panicles and 1 000 grain weight had no obvious regular pattern, the interaction of yield components made the decrease of grain yield with increasing days of in-termittent irrigation. Compared to the control, rice seedlings tillering ability were increased quickly after transplanting, leaf area index at heading stage increased, dry matter weight of stems and leaf increased. At maturity stage, dry matter weight of stems, leaf and spike had not significant difference by different treatments.