By considering the cargo, car body and bolster as a system, the evaluation index of wagon vertical stability based on the vertical force changes of spring sets was put forward. Based on the vertical stability model of wagon running on curved rails and taking the C64k truck for example, the relationships of the gravity center height of a loaded wagon, the lateral deviation of cargo gravity center, the longitudinal deviation of cargo gravity center and the vertical stability of wagon negotiating small radius curved rails under 4 typical loading conditions were investigated. The results show that determining the vertical stability of wagon by using the vertical forces changes of spring is the more intuitive way to describe the influences of the loading conditions on the vertical stability of wagon. The longitudinal deviation of the cargo gravity center influences the vertical stability mostly, while the impact of the gravity center height of a loaded wagon is the minimum. The calculation results also provide the scientific evidence for determining the reasonable limits for the gravity center height of a loaded wagon, the lateral and the longitudinal deviations of the cargo gravity center.%将货物、车体和摇枕作为1个系统,基于弹簧悬挂装置垂向受力的变化,提出货车垂向平稳性评价指标.运用建立的货车在曲线上运行时的垂向平稳性模型,以C64k敞车为例,研究4种典型装载工况下重车重心高、货物重心横向和纵向偏移量与货车通过小半径曲线时垂向平稳性的关系.研究表明:用作用在每个弹簧悬挂装置的垂向载荷变化判定货车运行的垂向平稳性,可更直观描述货车装载工况对车辆垂向平稳性的影响;对货车的垂向平稳性影响以货物重心的纵向偏移量最大,而重车重心高度的影响最小;计算结果为确定合理的重车重心高度以及货物重心横、纵向偏移量的限制值提供了科学依据.
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