The paper examines the influencing factors of industrial competitiveness,especially environmental regulation.It uses the data of large and medium industrial enterprises among the 30 provinces in China in the period 1999-2009.The paper estimates the relationship between industrial competitiveness and environmental regulation using non-spatial model and spatial Durbin model.The results find that the direct and spillover effects of pollution-controlling variable are-0.17 and 0.559 respectively,which are greatly significant.And its total effect is significantly positive.This indicates that environmental regulation has considerable positive spatial spillover,which is likely to induce environmental race to the bottom at regional level.If ignoring the pollution spillovers effects,it will greatly underestimate the role of environmental regulation.We also find that the direct effects of foreign direct investment,Scientific and technology personnel,and industrial scale on industrial competitiveness are significantly positive.And then we suggest that the government should speed up to perfect the system of environmental compensation:First,the central government should establish and improve the legislation of environmental compensation.Second,it should perfect the environmental compensation management system to coordinate and guide cross-province environmental compensation.Third,it should intensify the financial transfer concerning environment compensation.%利用1999-2009年中国30个省大中型工业企业数据,考察了产业竞争力的影响因素,特别是环境规制的影响.通过非空间模型和空间Durbin模型检验了产业竞争力和环境规制的关系.在空间模型中,估算了直接和溢出效应.结果发现,环境规制变量的直接和溢出效应分别为-0.17和0.559,且统计上高度显著,进而其总效应也显著为正.这表明,环境规制有较高的正的空间溢出效应,这似乎有可能引发地区间的环境竞次竞争行为；如果忽略污染的空间溢出,将严重低估环境规制的作用.还发现,外商直接投资、科技人员数和产业规模对产业竞争力有显著的正的直接效应.进而提出政府应加快完善环境补偿的制度,一是中央政府应当建立健全环境补偿立法；二是完善环境补偿的管理体制,协调和指导跨地区的环境补偿；三是加大与环境补偿有关的财政转移支付力度.
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