聚氨酯/纳米二氧化硅/POM复合材料的研究

摘要

Composite toughening agents were prepared by melt blending TPU with nano-SiO2, and then nano-composite materials were prepared by blending the composite toughening agents with POM. The effect of addition of composite toughening agent on the mechanical properties and crystallization properties of the composite were studied. The results showed that, TPUano-SiO2 interaction can increase the TPUano-SiO2 interface compatibility with the POM, the TPUano-SiO2 were dispersed equably in the POM. When the mass ratio of POM/TPUano-SiO2was 100/10/1, compared with pure POM, the tensile strength increased by 20％, elastic modulus increased by 78.3％, the impact strength increased by 175％. After adding compound toughening agents, the spherulite size decreased significantly and composite materials occured plastic deformation during fracture and had better toughness; while increasing the crystallization temperature, the composite toughening agents had heterogeneous nucleation effect on the matrix of POM.%通过熔融共混,用热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)将纳米二氧化硅(nano-SiO2)进行包覆制备了复合增韧剂,然后将复合增韧剂与聚甲醛(POM)进行共混制备了纳米复合材料,研究了复合增韧剂不同用量对复合材料的力学性能与结晶性能的影响.实验结果表明,TPUano-SiO2的相互作用能提高TPUano-SiO2与POM的界面相容性,使TPUano-SiO2均匀地分散在POM中.当POM/TPUano-SiO2质量比为100/10/1时,与纯聚甲醛相比,拉伸强度提高了20%,弹性模量提高了78.3%,冲击强度提高了175%,加入复合增韧剂后,球晶尺寸大幅减小;复合材料在断裂过程中发生塑性变形,韧性较好;增韧剂对聚甲醛基体有异相成核作用,同时提高了其结晶温度.