OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between the quantity of the antibiotics used yearly and the drug resistance of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)producing Escherichia coli. METHODS: The yearly quantity (DDDs) of the antibacterials prescribed for patients from 2004 to 2010 and drug resistance of ESBLs producing E. Coli were investigated retrospectively. The correlation between the DDDs of 6 kinds of drugs and drug resistance of ESBLs producing E. Coli were analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis of SPSS 13.0 software. RESULTS: The quantity of amikacin was positively correlated with drug resistance of E. Coli to amikacin, aztreonam, cefoperazone/sulbactam and ceftazidime (r=0.821,0.821,0.857,0.893,P<0.05); drug resistance of E. Coli to amikacin was positively correlated with drug resistance of ￡ coli to aztreonam, cefoperazone/sulbactam and ceftazidime (r=0.786, 0.946, 0.929,P<0.05); drug resistance of E. Coli to ceftazidime was positively correlated with drug resistance of E. Coli to aztreonam, cefoperazone/sulbactam (r=0.929, 0.857,P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The increase of antibacterial drugs lead to the increase of ESBLs producing strain, so bacterial strains have drug resistance to various antibacterial drugs, or multiple resistance. Therefore, we should pay attention to control the frequency of antibacterial drug use and prevent to produce ESBLs producing strains.%目的:了解6种抗菌药年用量变化与产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌耐药性的相关性,为临床合理用药提供依据.方法:分别统计我院2004-2010年6种抗菌药的年用量(用药频度(DDDs))及产ESBLs大肠埃希菌平均耐药率.采用SPSS13.0软件Spearman相关分析法对产ESBLs大肠埃希菌耐药率与6种药物的DDDs进行相关性分析.结果:阿米卡星的用量与大肠埃希菌对阿米卡星、氨曲南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢他啶耐药率的变化呈显著正相关(r分别为0.821、0.821、0.857、0.893,P＜0.05)；大肠埃希菌对阿米卡星耐药率与大肠埃希菌对氨曲南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢他啶耐药率呈显著正相关(r分别为0.786、0.946、0.929,P＜0.05)；大肠埃希菌对头孢他啶耐药率与大肠埃希菌对氨曲南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦耐药率呈显著正相关(r分别为0.929、0.857,P＜0.05).结论:抗菌药物用量增加会导致产ESBLs菌株增加,使细菌对多种抗菌药物耐药,甚至是多重耐药.提示临床应注意控制抗菌药物的使用频度,防止产生了ESBLs耐药菌株.
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