我院主要病原菌对抗菌药物敏感性趋势分析

摘要

目的：为临床抗菌药物的合理使用以及医院病原菌的监控提供参考。方法：对2011－2014年临床分离的细菌进行菌株鉴定及药敏试验，同时对我院2011－2014年临床使用的抗菌药物进行分析。药敏试验操作及结果参照美国临床实验室标准化研究所制定的标准，采用WHONET软件进行统计处理。结果：2011－2014年我院临床检出的病原菌主要为大肠埃希菌（构成比分别为14.93％、16.81％、15.01％、15.41％）、金黄色葡萄球菌（构成比分别为9.84％、11.90％、9.83％、7.17％）、鲍曼不动杆菌（构成比分别为9.00％、9.95％、14.24％、18.64％）、铜绿假单胞菌（构成比分别为12.36％、12.42％、14.20％、15.48％）。2011－2014年我院临床主要使用的抗菌药物为哌拉西林/他唑巴坦（2.25 g/支，各年度用量分别为4685、12610、13639、14542支）、头孢吡肟（0.5 g/支，各年度用量分别为8613、24738、12684、6751支）、氨曲南（0.5 g/支，各年度用量分别为14124、32062、3323、4534支）、美罗培南（0.5 g/支，各年度用量分别为2291、5436、6813、5341支）、左氧氟沙星（0.3 g/瓶，各年度用量分别为12253、40893、48468、50558瓶）。结论：随着抗菌药物使用量的增加，主要病原菌对这些抗菌药物的敏感率也逐渐降低。合理使用抗菌药物对于细菌耐药性的降低有着重要作用。%OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for clinical application of antibiotics and the management of pathogen. METH-ODS:The clinical isolated bacteria in our hospital from 2011 to 2014 were identified and analyzed,and the amount of antibiotics in our hospital from 2011 to 2014 were analyzed. The operation and result of drug susceptibility test were in accordance with the standard of clinical laboratory standards institute(CLSI),using WHONET software for statistical processing. RESULTS:The main bacteria isolated in our hospital during 2011-2014 were as follows:constituent ratio of Escherichia coli were 14.93%,16.81%, 15.01% and 15.41%,respectively;that of Staphylococcus aureus were 9.84%,11.90%,9.83% and 7.17%,respectively;that of Acinetobacter baumannii were 9.00%, 9.95%, 14.24% and 18.64%, respectively;that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 12.36%,12.42%,14.20% and 15.48%,respectively. The main antibiotics used in our hospital during 2011-2014 were as fol-lows:the amount of piperacillin/tazobactam(2.25 g/a)were 4 685,12 610,13 639 and 14 542,respectively;that of cefepime (0.5 g/a)were 8 613,24 738,12 684 and 6 751,respectively;that of aztreonam(0.5 g/a)were 14 124,32 062,3 323 and 4 534,respectively;that of meropenem(0.5 g/a)were 2 291,5 436,6 813 and 5 341,repectively;that of levofloxacin(0.3 g/a) were 12 253,40 893,48 468 and 50 558,respectively. CONCLUSIONS:With the increase of antibiotics,susceptibility rate of main pathogen are gradually decreased;rational use of antibiotics plays an important role in decreasing the drug resistance.