某肿瘤专科医院抗肿瘤药致不良反应报告309例分析

摘要

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristic and regularity of antineoplastics-induced ADR,and to provide refer-ence for safety use of antineoplastics in clinic. METHODS:In retrospective study,309 cases of antineoplastics-induced ADR col-lected from a special hospital during Jan.-Dec. 2015 were summarized and analyzed statistically. RESULTS:Among 309 ADR cas-es,female (58.25％) was more than male (41.75％). The patients aged more than 40 years old occupied the highest proportion (78.64％). Main route of administration was intravenous dripping(94.82％). There were 225 cases of severe ADR(72.82％). To-tal 268 cases were improved after drug withdrawal or treatment(86.73％). A total of 24 kinds of antineoplastics were involved in 309 ADR cases;most of ADR were induced by docetaxel,followed by cisplatin,cyclophosphamide. Most common organs/system involved in ADR was hemopoietic system (64.24％),main clinical manifestation was myelosuppression. CONCLUSIONS:It is necessary to strengthen ADR monitoring,prevent,discover and treat antineoplastics-induced ADR timely,in order to reduce the harm to the patients and ensure the safety and effectiveness of drug treatment.%目的:了解抗肿瘤药致药品不良反应(ADR)的特点和发生规律,为临床安全使用抗肿瘤药提供参考.方法:采用回顾性研究方法,对某肿瘤专科医院2015年1-12月收集的309例抗肿瘤药致ADR报告进行统计、分析.结果:309例ADR患者中,女性(58.25％)多于男性(41.75％);40岁以上患者所占比例较高(78.64％);引发ADR的给药途径以静脉滴注为主(94.82％);严重的ADR 225例(72.82％);经停药或治疗后好转的有268例(86.73％).309例ADR共涉及24种抗肿瘤药物,引发ADR最多的药品依次为多西他赛、顺铂和环磷酰胺;ADR累及器官/系统以造血系统最常见(64.24％),临床表现主要为骨髓抑制.结论:临床应加强抗肿瘤药的ADR监测,及时预防、发现和诊治抗肿瘤药引发的ADR,以减少对患者造成的伤害,保证药物治疗的安全、有效.