油田注水集输系统离心泵由于载荷经常变化，大多不能在其额定工况点工作，泵效低，且需要用泵出口阀调节流量，产生一定的泵管压差，造成较大的能量损失。为此，开展了定速泵调速节能研究。介绍了变极调速、变频调速和液力调速离合器调速3种调速方法及相应的节能计算公式。对在单元制系统中调速离心泵的运行经济性、调速范围和母管制系统中离心泵的调速所带来的问题进行了探讨。指出双速电动机用于输油泵的调速时，应选用转矩按转速平方降低特性的电动机；调速泵的运行经济性受到管路阻力特性曲线的限制，其调速范围受到管路阻力特性曲线、系统所需扬程和泵运行特性的限制；在母管制系统中把部分定速泵改为调速泵时，应将性能较高的定速泵改为调速泵。%The centrifugal pump for oilfield waterflooding and oil transfer worked with low pump efficiency owing to unstable load and its energy loss is fairly large. Thereby an investigation is made on the energy saving of the pump by speed control. Three speed control methods are introduced and relevant equations for energy saving calculation are presented. Some problems with speed control of the centrifugal pump are discussed. It is indicated that, when a two-speed motor is used for driving oil transfer pump, the motor with the characteristic of torque reduction on square rotary speed should be chosen; The working economy of the variable speed pump is restricted by the characteristic curves of pipeline resistance, and its speed control range is restricted by the pipeline resistance characteristic curve, the pressure head needed by the system and the working characteristic of the pump; when several pumps work in parallel, the pump with better performance should be changed into speed-variable pump.
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