抽油机厂内型式试验悬点载荷模拟装置设计

摘要

To simulate the polished rod load of the pumping unit,a new polished rod load simulation test device has been designed.In the simulation test device,throttle valve and relief valve has been used to simulate the oil load of pumping unit,the heavy load block has been used to simulate the weight of the sucker rod in the oil,and the accumulator has been applied to stabilize the pressure of the outlet of the subsurface pump.A sucker rod deformation simulation device has been added to simulate the elastic deformation and vibration of sucker rod.In the simulation analysis,the simulation device is simplified to a spring mass modal to establish the dynamic equilibrium equation,and the differential equation of the accumulator's air bag volume has been established using the Boyle's Law.The motion law of the subsurface pump plunger and the change of the pump's outlet pressure can be obtained by coupling and solving the above two equations.Then the variation law of the polished rod load of the pumping unit was obtained.The simulation test device could provide more accurate simulation of the polished rod load of the pumping unit,presenting a better loading method for pumping unit type test.%为模拟抽油机悬点载荷,设计了一种新型抽油机悬点载荷模拟试验装置.在该试验装置中用节流阀和溢流阀模拟抽油机的油液载荷,用重物加载块模拟抽油杆在油液中的重力,用蓄能器来稳定抽油泵出口压力,并增加了一个用来模拟抽油杆弹性变形与振动的模拟抽油杆变形装置.仿真分析中将模拟抽油杆变形装置简化为弹簧质量模型建立运动平衡方程,利用波义耳定律建立关于蓄能器气囊体积的微分方程,将2方程耦合求解得到抽油泵柱塞的运动规律和抽油泵出口压力的变化规律,进而得到抽油机悬点载荷的变化规律.此模拟试验装置可以较准确地模拟抽油机实际工作中的悬点载荷,为抽油机厂内型式试验提供了一种较好的加载方式.