随着针对分化型甲状腺癌研究的深入，其特征性的分子分型和信号转导通路得以揭示，从而促进了分子靶向治疗的发展。对于放射性碘治疗失败的分化型甲状腺癌，索拉非尼和乐伐替尼等针对血管内皮生长因子通路的多靶点抑制剂被证明具有明显的抗肿瘤活性。此外，其他选择性的单靶点抑制剂以及促放射性碘摄取药物均显示出一定的治疗效果，而个体化的基因检测将为未来个体化的分子靶向治疗奠定基础。%Along with the extensive understanding of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), its distinct molecular genotype and signaling pathway was revealed, which improved the development of molecular-targeted therapy. Regarding radioactive iodine-refractory DTC, multiple multikinase inhibitors including sorafenib and lenvatinib, which target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, were proved to be effective. Moreover, selective inhibitors and redifferentiation agents were shown to be promising. In the future, individual genetic testing would provide more speciifc information in directing individualized molecular-targeted therapy.
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