会泽铅锌矿资源综合利用技术的实践与应用

摘要

The grade of lead-zinc ore from Huize mine is extremely high around the world.The deep resource is hard to mine because of the water bearing deep broken orebody,moreover,the resource is a sulfide and oxidation mixed ore which is complicated and difficult to beneficiation.The mainly mining technology of the deep ore body is mechanized upward drift cut and fill method,the secondarily mining technology is mechanized downward drift cut and fill method,which prevented mining water hazards,successfully controlled geostress hazards,reliably avoided rockburst,enhanced the safety of mining,and it effectively recovered the mineral resource.The advanced integrated beneficiation technologies includes the segmented flotation flowsheet with the sulfide minerals first and then oxidation minerals,the iso-floation and differential-flotation flowsheet,the staged grinding and staged concentration flowsheet with more breaking and less milling,so it fully recovered the useful componants.The waste treatment and the resource utilization were built on the treating and recycling of wastewater,and the paste filling.So the waste rock,tailings,mine water and water quenched slag were comprehensive utilized,and also it eliminated the harm of the overflow water of paste production and the sludge of wastewater treatment.The results of industrial practice showed that the recovery and the dilution rate of mining were reached 98.95% and 6.50%,the recoveries of zinc,lead,silver and germanium in concentrator were reached 95.70%,86.35%,66.01% and 77.13%.The industrial practice in Huize lead-zinc mine provides some precious experiences of the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources and cleaner production for researchers and managers.%会泽铅锌矿为世界罕见的特富铅锌矿产,深部资源开采条件较为复杂,集"水、深、碎、难"于一体,且为复杂难选多金属氧-硫混合矿石.通过采用机械化盘区上向进路充填采矿法为主、机械化盘区下向进路充填采矿法为辅的采矿工艺,有效防止了井下突水水害,成功控制了深井开采地压活动,可靠缓减了深井开采岩爆,提高了采矿作业安全性,实现了资源高效回收;通过采用先硫后氧分段选别主干流程、等可浮-优先浮选原则流程、多碎少磨-阶段磨矿阶段选别工艺流程等多种流程结构并存的综合选矿新工艺,实现了矿石中有用组分的充分回收;构建了以膏体充填和选矿废水处理回用为核心的废弃物处理与资源化利用技术,不仅实现了生产流程废石、尾矿、矿井水、选矿废水及历史遗留尾矿、水淬渣的资源化利用,而且彻底消除了新生高危污染物膏体制备溢流水、选矿废水处理污泥的潜在危害.在生产中取得了采矿回采率98.95%、贫化率6.50%及选矿金属回收率锌95.70%、铅86.35%、银66.01%、锗77.13%,为金属矿山矿产资源综合利用及清洁生产提供了宝贵的经验.