石材矿山地下采场结构参数正交数值模拟试验研究

摘要

采用露天开采的石材矿山存在一系列问题,如破坏植被、污染环境、高陡边坡潜在地质灾害危险、剥离量大、经济合理剥离比接近境界剥采比而迫使矿山关闭等.为有效开发石材矿产资源,开展石材矿山地下开采技术研究,尤其是地下采场结构参数的研究是十分必要的.以某地下大理石矿山为工程背景,采用多指标综合评价、数值模拟与正交试验相结合的方法,对地下采场稳定性影响因素进行了综合指标评价与敏感度分析,并在此基础上优化了采场结构参数;结果表明:①采场跨度对采场稳定性的影响最大,顶板厚度和采场高度的影响次之,矿柱宽度的影响最小;②地下采场结构参数为跨度8 m,顶板厚度6 m,高度16 m,矿柱宽度6 m.研究成果可为类似石材矿山地下采场结构参数设计提供参考.%Currently,open-pit mining of faced stone material deposits is facing a series of problems,from vegetation destruction and environmental pollution to high and steep slope with the risk of potential geological hazard,lots of stripping and mine closure because of economic stripping ratio close to pit-limit stripping ratio.In order to effectively develop the stone mineral resources,it is necessary to carry out the research on the underground mining technology of stone resource,especially the structural parameters of underground stope.With an underground marble mine as the engineering background,the influencing factors of stability of the underground stope and their sensitivity were analyzed by means of the multi-index comprehensive evaluation,the numerical simulation and the orthogonal experiment.And on this basis,the stope structure parameters were optimized.The results showed that the span affected the stability of stope very much,the height and roof thickness less,and the pillar width the least.The optimized structure parameters,with span 8 m,roof thickness 6 m,height 16 m and pillar width 6 m,of underground stope were obtained for an underground marble mine above.The research results can provide a useful reference for the design of structural parameters of underground stope in similar stone mines.