系统康复护理训练对稳定期精神分裂症患者社会适应功能的影响

摘要

Objective To investigate the influence of rehabilitation nursing training on social-adaption function of stable schizophrenia patients.Methods Totally 89 patients with schizophrenia in stable phase from June to August 2013 were randomly divided into control group (n =42) receiving conventional drug therapy and observation group (n =47) receiving systematic rehabilitation nursing training based on conventional drug therapy.After 6 months of training,the nurse brief psychiatric rating scale (N-BPRS) and social-adaptive functioning evaluation scale (SAFE) were used to evaluate the social-adaptive function.Results For the N-BPRS,the scores of anxiety/depression,poor capacity,thought disturbance,excitement,hostility and total score in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group after 6 months [(7.7 ± 2.4) scores vs (11.5 ± 3.1) scores,(7.0 ±2.8) scores vs (10.2 ±2.7) scores,(7.0 ±3.4) scores vs (9.6 ±3.8) scores,(4.6 ± 1.7) scores vs (7.5 ±2.9) scores,(5.0 ±2.2) scores vs (6.8 ±2.8) scores,(31.4±9.8) scores vs (45.6 ± 13.3) scores] (P ＜0.01).For the SAFE,the scores of social skill,senior life skills,communication skill,basic life skills and total score in observation group were also significantly lower than those in control group after 6 months [(4.1 ±3.8) scores vs (7.9 ±3.0) scores,(3.2 ±2.8) scores vs (4.4±2.0) scores,(1.6 ± 1.5) scores vs (3.9 ± 1.6) scores,(1.2 ± 1.9) scores vs (2.7 ± 1.6) scores,(10.1 ±8.2) scores vs (18.9 ± 7.0) scores] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The systematic rehabilitation nursing training can improve the social-adaptive function in patients with schizophrenia and help the patients return to society early.%目的 探讨系统康复护理训练对稳定期精神分裂症患者社会适应功能的影响.方法 纳入2013年6-8月北京市海淀区精神卫生防治院稳定期精神分裂症患者89例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(42例)及康复组(47例).对照组给予常规药物治疗,康复组在常规药物治疗基础上给予系统康复护理训练.于干预6个月后应用护士用简明精神病量表(N-BPRS)和社会适应功能评估量表(SAFE)评估康复护理训练效果.结果 6个月末N-BPRS中焦虑忧郁、缺乏活力、思维障碍、激活性、敌对猜疑评分及总分康复组均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义[(7.7±2.4)分比(11.5±3.1)分、(7.0±2.8)分比(10.2±2.7)分、(7.0±3.4)分比(9.6±3.8)分、(4.6±1.7)分比(7.5±2.9)分、(5.0±2.2)分比(6.8±2.8)分、(31.4±9.8)分比(45.6±13.3)分](P＜0.01);SAFE中社交技能、高级生活技能、沟通技能和基本生活技能评分及总分康复组亦明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义[(4.1±3.8)分比(7.9±3.0)分、(3.2±2.8)分比(4.4±2.0)分、(1.6±1.5)分比(3.9±1.6)分、(1.2±1.9)分比(2.7±1.6)分、(10.1±8.2)分比(18.9±7.0)分](P＜0.05).结论 系统康复护理训练可改善患者社会适应功能,有利于促进患者早日回归社会.