维吾尔族与汉族重症肌无力患者的临床特点分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of myasthenia gravis(MG) in Uygur and Han patients.Methods Clinical records of 69 MG patients in People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from June 2014 to June 2017 were analyzed.Onset age,initial symptom,clinical classification and comorbidities were analyzed between Uygur and Han patients.Results Onset age in Uygur MG patients was younger than that in Han MG patients[(36 ± 16)years vs (48 ± 18)years] (t =6.570,P =0.013).Constituent ratio of early-onset MG(onset age ＜50 years) in Uygur patients was higher than that in Han patients[78.9％ (15/19) vs 52.0％ (26/50)];constituent ratio of late-onset MG(onset age≥50 years) in Han patients was higher than that in Uygur patients [48.0％ (24/50) vs 21.1％ (4/19)] (x2 =4.146,P =0.042).There were no signifieant differences of initial symptom,modified Osserman classification,occurrence of respiratory muscle crisis,comorbidities of thyroid disease and thymus disease between Uygur and Han patients (P ＞ 0.05).Ratio of male thymic hyperplasia in Uygur patients was higher than that in Han patients[50.0％ (5/10) vs 11.5％ (3/26)] (x2 =5.487,P =0.019).Conclusion There are different characteristics of onset age and comorbidities between Uygur and Han MG patients.%目的 探讨维吾尔族与汉族重症肌无力(MG)患者的临床特点.方法 收集2014年6月至2017年6月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院住院治疗的69例MG患者的病历资料,比较维吾尔族与汉族MG患者的发病年龄、首发症状、临床分型及合并疾病等临床特点.结果 维吾尔族MG患者的平均发病年龄为(36±16)岁,汉族为(48±18)岁,维吾尔族MG患者的平均发病年龄低于汉族,差异有统计学意义(=6.570,P=0.013).维吾尔族早发型MG(＜50岁)患者比例高于汉族[78.9％ (15/19)比52.0％(26/50)],而汉族晚发型MG(≥50岁)患者比例高于维吾尔族[48.0％(24/50)比21.1％ (4/19)],差异有统计学意义(,=4.146,P=0.042).维吾尔族与汉族MG患者首发症状累及部位、改良Osserman分型和发生呼吸肌危象的比例以及合并甲状腺疾病、胸腺疾病的比例比较差异均无统计学意义(均P ＞0.05),但维吾尔族合并胸腺增生的男性MG患者的比例高于汉族[50.0％ (5/10)比11.5％ (3/26)],差异有统计学意义(x2=5.487,P=0.019).结论 维吾尔族与汉族MG患者在起病年龄及合并疾病方面具有差异,认识其临床特点有助于临床干预和预后评估.