丙肝核心抗原检测对诊断HIV/AIDS合并感染丙肝的应用价值

摘要

目的：研究丙肝核心抗原检测对诊断HIV病毒携带者及AIDS患者合并感染丙肝的应用价值。方法选择2014年6月～2015年3月我院接诊的HIV病毒携带者及AIDS患者中疑似感染丙肝的300例患者进行研究。分别对患者进行丙肝检测，其中，利用ELISA法检测可疑患者的丙肝核心抗原、抗体，利用荧光聚合酶链反应(FO-PCR)检测HCV核酸，并将三种测试手段的测试结果进行分析比较。将丙肝三种标志物从检测窗口期、试剂成本、操作时间、实验室要求、标志物稳定时间等多方面进行比较，得出HIV病毒携带者及AIDS患者合并感染丙肝最佳的检测方法。结果 HCV核心抗原检测与HCV核酸检测的结果进行对比分析，两组比较无显著差异（x2=0.098，P＞0.05）。抗-HCV检测阳性反应例数显著高于HCV核酸检测阳性反应例数（x2=7.378，P＜0.01）。分析三种测试的各项指标发现，抗-HCV检测虽然操作简单，经济，但是检测窗口期较长，有漏检现象；HCV核酸检测虽然窗口期较短，准确率高，但是非常昂贵，不适用于推广使用；HCV核心抗原检测不仅操作简单，经济适用，而且窗口期较短，准确率高。结论丙肝核心抗原检测对诊断HIV病毒携带者及AIDS患者合并感染丙肝具有较高的应用价值，可以有效防止漏检。%Objective To study the value of HCV core antigen detection in the diagnosis of patients with HIV carriers and AIDS patients and hepatitis C infection.Methods 300 patients of HIV.AIDS hospital admissions of patients suspected to be infected with hepatitis C from June 2014 to March 2015 were studied. Patients were detected by ELISA method in HCV core antigens, antibodies, fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (FO-PCR) to detect HCV nucleic acid .Test results and three test methods were analyzed and compared. Evaluated the detection window period, reagent costs, operation time, laboratory requirements, settling time, and many other markers of three methods and found the best method.Results According to the test results of 83 cases in anti - HCV testing sample was positive reaction, HCV core antigen positive samples for 55 cases, HCV DNA positive samples for 58 cases. HCV core antigen of HCV nucleic acid detection results were in agreement with the test results. The HCV core antigen test and HCV nucleic acid testing results were analyzed,P>0.05, compared the two groups had no significant difference. The anti-HCV detection and HCV comparison and analysis of nucleic acid detection,P<0.05, compared the two groups have statistical significance. After analysis of three tests, we found that anti -HCV detection was simple, economical, but the detection window period was longer, and have missed phenomenon; HCV nucleic acid testing was high accuracy, shorter window period, but it was very expensive, and not suit for popularizing. HCV core antigen test was not only simple, affordable, but also had a shorter window, high accuracy.ConclusionHCV core antigen test can effectively prevent undetected, has a high value in diagnosis of infection in patients with hepatitis C HIV carriers and AIDS patients.